Demonstration version of the Russian language Unified State Exam material for preparing for the Unified State Exam (GIA) in the Russian language (grade 10) on the topic. The problem of war (essay on V

19.09.2020

The answers to tasks 1–24 are a word, phrase, number or sequence of words, numbers. Write the answer to the right of the assignment number without spaces, commas or other additional characters.

Read the text and complete tasks 1–3.

(1) At the beginning of the 19th century, the French Academy made a decision not to consider works containing descriptions of stones falling from the sky: it seemed to scientists that all descriptions of meteorites - “heavenly stones” - were a figment of fantasy, ______ stones had nowhere to fall. (2) This is a very dangerous path - to deny everything that has not yet been explained. (3) Denial of the existence of the incomprehensible has more than once hampered the development of science.

Which of the following sentences correctly conveys the MAIN information contained in the text?

1. Science denies what it cannot explain, trying to avoid dangerous paths.

2. At the beginning of the 19th century, the French Academy decided not to consider works containing descriptions of stones falling from the sky.

3. The resolution of the French Academy on the refusal to study meteorites is just one example of how the denial of the incomprehensible hindered the development of science.

4. In the 19th century, all descriptions of meteorites - “heavenly stones” - were considered a figment of fantasy.

5. Denial of what has not yet been explained has repeatedly hampered the development of science, which is confirmed by the decision of the French Academy on the refusal to study meteorites.

Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the first (1) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

2. nevertheless

4. because

Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word FRUIT. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

FRUIT, -a, m.

1. Part of a plant that develops from the ovary of a flower and contains seeds. Single-seeded, multi-seeded. Juicy fruits (fruits, berries). Dry fruits (beans, pods, nuts, acorns). Ripe, unripe n. Edible fruits.

2. The human (animal) body in the womb (female). Fetal development.

3. trans., something. Generation, result of something. The fruits of reflection. P. many years of work. P. negligence.

In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.

plum

more beautiful

religion

One of the sentences below uses the highlighted word incorrectly. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

1. For the interior decoration of a room, it is very important for a designer to choose the right colors, that is, to make a GOOD color choice.

2. The international meeting once again confirmed the EFFECTIVENESS of the work of Russian diplomats.

4. A leader must be a charming, bright, INTEGRAL person.

5. The new aesthetics that emerged in the work of avant-garde artists RADICALLY changed the previous Greco-Roman ideas about the artistic value of art.

In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

fresh CAKES

THE MOST BEAUTIFUL of all

less than FOUR HUNDRED years old

no APPLES

LIE COMFORTABLE

Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

OFFERS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A) L. Obukhova talks about the first cosmonaut of the Earth in the article “Favorite of the Century.”	1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
B) The athlete's legs should be slightly bent while holding the tow rope.	2) violation of the connection between subject and predicate
C) Thanks to the available sources, literary scholars have come to the conclusion about the real fact of awarding M.Yu. Lermontov with a military award for participation in the battle of Valerik.	3) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application
D) One of the facts of the biography of A.P. Chekhov, which recently became famous, was the construction of four rural schools at his own expense.	4) error in constructing a sentence with homogeneous members
D) Each of those who visited the international film festival in Moscow saw the best domestic and foreign films of the year.	5) incorrect construction of sentences with participial phrases
	6) violation in the construction of sentences with participial phrases
	7) incorrect construction of sentences with indirect speech

Write your answer in numbers without spaces or other symbols

Identify the word in which the unstressed vowel of the root being tested is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

warm up

adj..attach

k..lambur

fine

fall asleep

Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words in the prefix. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

pr..despondency, pr..hail

both..to hurt, to..give

un..take, n..tear off

pr..attached, pr..smart

o..give, set up..build

envious

take over

outshine

glossy

key.. howl

Write down the word in which the letter I is written in place of the gap.

glued

fighting

learned

comparing..my

getting to know each other

Determine the sentence in which NOT is spelled together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.

1. Dahlias that have (NOT) HAPPENED to bloom are killed by early frosts.

2. A (NOT) BRIGHT, but pale moon hung over the city.

3. There were (NOT) vacationers in the park next to the hotel.

4. Timokhin looked at his commander with fear and (NOT) BELIEF.

5. (NOT) lingering at the door, the guests immediately entered the hall.

Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.

1. An amazing creature - a cat! She often goes (TO) MEETING danger. (C) DIFFERENT from other animals, this animal is unusually patient and hardy.

2. Sparrows are engaged in catching caterpillars (B) FOR three weeks until the chicks grow up, and when they fledge, then (B) FOLLOWING their parents they will get their own food.

3. The bays of Lake Onega have a completely unusual shape. One of them is (IN) THE SIMILARITY of an elephant’s trunk, the other appears to many tourists (IN) THE VIEW of a huge crayfish’s claw.

4. The hero of Moliere's comedy Don Juan appeared in the play as a complete atheist, (YET) witty, fearless and irresistibly attractive, (NOT) LOOKING at his vices.

5. (C) Throughout the entire evening, the trills of SOME kind of bird were gently ringing in the garden.

Indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) NN is written.

And thick milk pouring from a clay (1) jug, and a lush loaf in a skillfully woven (2) basket, and a sliding napkin written out (3) by the artist in all details and with special expressiveness.

Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of sentences in which you need to put ONE comma.

1. Increasingly, angry and cold winds blow and tear off the leaves.

2. Poetry glorifies either the majestic distances or the inexhaustible scattering of stars.

3. I wish I had given this cigarette case to someone a long time ago, but I don’t dare!

4. In the distance he saw a village of five or six courtyards.

The wind (1) rustling and rustling in the birch forest (2) ran across the fields (3) covered with white flowers (4) absorbing the aromas of herbs.

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentences.

The ethical quests of Leo Tolstoy (1) of course (2) still retain their significance. Now (3) in my opinion (4) it is especially important to make Tolstoy’s principle of moral self-education publicly available.

Place punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.

In one of the bays of the Pacific Ocean (1) a giant squid (2) was discovered whose eye (3) diameter (4) is equal to a quarter of a meter.

Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

Gulyaev was a strong man (1) and (2) when he returned to the Urals (3) the brilliant glory of a millionaire followed him (4) to whom everything was available.

Edit the sentence: correct the lexical error by eliminating the extra word. Write this word down.

Residents of Ufa could observe an unusual natural phenomenon last Sunday.

Read the text and complete tasks 21-26.

(5) This is probably how the taiga burns - for weeks, months, for tens, hundreds of kilometers.

(6) The crimson swirling sky, the black silhouette of a burning city, as if cut out with a jigsaw. (7) Black and red. (8) There is no other. (9) Black city and red sky.

And the Volga is red. (11) “It’s like blood,” flashes through my head.

(12) The flame is almost invisible, only in one place, downstream, short jumping tongues. (13) And against us, crumpled, like paper cylinders of oil tanks, fallen, crushed by gas. (14) And from them flames - mighty prominences break away and are lost in heavy swirling fantastic clouds of lead-red smoke.

(15) As a child, I loved to look at an old English magazine from the period of the fourteenth war. (16) It had neither beginning nor end, but there were amazing pictures - large, full page: English Tommy guns in the trenches, attacks, naval battles with foaming waves and destroyers ramming each other, funny, looking like whatnots, floating in air "Bleriot", "Farman" and "Taube". (17) It was difficult to tear myself away.

(18) But the most terrible thing was the huge, shudderingly gloomy image on the two middle pages of Louvain burning from the German bombings. (19) There were flames, and clouds of smoke that looked like cotton wool, and running people, and destroyed houses, and searchlights in the ominous sky. (20) In a word, it was so scary and captivating that there was no strength to turn the page. (21) I redrew this picture an infinite number of times, colored it with colored pencils, paints, small crayons and then hung these pictures on the walls.

Option No. 5107776

When completing tasks with a short answer, enter in the answer field the number that corresponds to the number of the correct answer, or a number, a word, a sequence of letters (words) or numbers. The answer should be written without spaces or any additional characters. The answers to tasks 1-26 are a figure (number) or a word (several words), a sequence of numbers (numbers).

If the option is specified by the teacher, you can enter or upload answers to tasks with a detailed answer into the system. The teacher will see the results of completing tasks with a short answer and will be able to evaluate the downloaded answers to tasks with a long answer. The scores assigned by the teacher will appear in your statistics. The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

Version for printing and copying in MS Word

Indicate the numbers of sentences that correctly convey the MAIN information contained in the text. Write down the numbers of these sentences.

1) The bodies of fast-swimming oceanic fish acquired a streamlined, mathematically ideal shape - pointed at the front, quickly thickening to a maximum diameter and tapering to a two-lobed caudal fin - in order to overcome the resistance of the water.

2) Water is 800 times denser than air; When moving in the water, every protrusion, every unevenness on the body creates strong resistance, therefore the swimming technique of such oceanic fish as tuna, mackerel, marlin has undergone significant changes.

3) To overcome the resistance of water, the bodies of fast-swimming oceanic fish acquired a streamlined, mathematically ideal shape: pointed in front, quickly thickening to a maximum diameter and tapering to a two-lobed caudal fin.

4) The bodies of fast-swimming oceanic fish have an ideal streamlined shape, quickly tapering to a two-lobed caudal fin.

5) For someone moving in the water, every protrusion, every unevenness on the body creates strong resistance, therefore the pectoral and ventral fins of fast-swimming oceanic fish do not take part in the forward movement.

Answer:

Which of the following words (combinations of words) should be in the gap in the third sentence of the text?

Despite this,

In other words,

Exactly like this

Answer:

Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word AIR. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

AIR, -and husband.

1. A mixture of gases that makes up the Earth’s atmosphere. A stream of air. Something is in the air or felt. (translated: the appearance of some ideas, moods is noticeable). Hang in the air(translation: about someone who finds himself in an uncertain position. The question hangs in the air). Raise to v.(explode). Take off on. (explode, fly apart from the explosion). Making something out of thin air.(translated: from nothing, from empty space). Air!(command meaning: alarm, an enemy plane has appeared). War in the air(by means of aviation).

2. Such an atmosphere as the respiratory environment of a person, a living organism. Breathe the air. Urban, rural c. Fresh in. Be outdoors(not indoors). Exit to. (from the room). In the free air(in the garden or outside the city). On open air(not indoors). How in. need someone(absolutely necessary).

3. Same as atmosphere (2nd value). V. freedom. Breathe the air behind the scenes(about theatrical life).

Answer:

In one of the words below, an error was made in the placement of stress: the letter denoting the stressed vowel sound was highlighted incorrectly. Write this word down.

pamper

more beautiful

supine

Answer:

In one of the sentences given below, the word used is INCORRECTLY mentioned. Correct the lexical error by taking the word to the right word. For-pi-shi-those swear words.

To prepare ma-ri-nad for fish baked in coals, you need to SHAK-OUT the seeds from four or five pods of kar-da-mo-na, add more -pot-ku sha-fra-na and grind them in a mortar with salt.

The girl very sharply moves her bangs from her forehead and unexpectedly calmly and VERY VERY LOOKED re-la Alexey in the eyes.

YOU-YES-CHA skates pro-iz-vo-dit-sya when there is a pass-port or any other skating rink to-ku-men-ta, which can be left as collateral.

Analysts claim that in the coming year, significant changes can be expected in the securities market.

YOU BI-RAY this or that right-le-tion, ori-en-ti-ruy strictly according to the com-pa-su.

Answer:

In one of the words below, there is an error in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word right.

DISCONNECT

almost in a hundred countries

bank SAR-DIN

a couple of BO-TI-NOK

THEIR successes

Answer:

Establishment of correspondence between grammatical errors and prepositions, in which they are added: to each position of the first column under the corresponding position from second column.

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

OFFERS

A) an error in the construction of a sentence with the same members

B) the strengthening of the connection between the under-lying and the spoken word

C) incorrect construction of pre-position with indirect speech

D) change in the visual-temporal relation of verb forms

D) an error in the use of the name of the number

1) Those who think that good mothers exist in isolation from real life are mistaken .

2) She had bracelets on both hands, and rings and rings on all her fingers

3) Ch. Ait-ma-tov once noticed that there would be days when everything goes well and life is beautiful.

4) Father, who called late yesterday evening, said that he was ill and said that “I’m staying at home.”

5) Everyone who studied the works of G.O. Vi-no-ku-ra, they know about his research-do-va-ni-yah in the field of ling-vo-po-e-ti-ki.

6) He was supposed to publish and get to know the people with his own information until the next time -yet year.

7) Who, if not the class-si-ki li-te-ra-tu-ry, should be the av-to-ri-te-tom in terms of proficiency in the Russian language?

8) Athletes, who came from something, decided to win and believe in it.

Write down the numbers in response, placing them in a row, corresponding to the letter for you:

A	B	IN	G	D

Answer:

Identify the word in which the unstressed unchecked vowel of the root is missing. Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

professional (training)

from..staying away

words

combination

insight

Answer:

Identify the row in which the same letter is missing in both words. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

pr..Amur, pr..thick;

super..interesting, well-known;

without..pity, nor..send;

by.. weight, pre.. leak;

objective, p..esa.

Answer:

spare

proud..howy

exchange..exchange

happy

Answer:

Write down the word in which the letter E is written in the blank.

stuck..my

sign..sign

racing

Answer:

Determine the sentence in which NOT is spelled together with the word. Open the brackets and write down this word.

You (cannot) get bread by lying around.

It’s better to (under)salt than to over-salt.

(Not) a single whitening sail is visible today.

Through the windows, still (not) closed for the night, the room was filled with surprisingly fresh air.

In the morning, nothing (was) reminiscent of yesterday's storm.

Answer:

Determine the sentence in which both highlighted words are written CONTINUOUSLY. Open the brackets and write down these two words.

It often happened all over the world that the earth shook from one end to the other: that is what is happening, literate people interpret, that there is WHERE (THAT) near the sea a mountain from which flames are snatched and burning rivers flow.

My soul was drawn to art, so (FROM) THE BEGINNING of our stay in Crimea I wrote poetry and painted, and THEN I became seriously interested in photography.

Our product, (NOT) DESPITE the considerable price, (DURING) the fair was completely sold out.

When, having walked ten steps, Romashov suddenly turned back to once again meet the gaze of the beautiful lady, he saw that both she and her companion were laughing with enthusiasm, looking at him (IN) NEXT.

(NOT) DESPITE being eternally busy, I went (TO) MEETING with my school friends.

Answer:

Indicate all the numbers where NN is written in place of some?

Indicate the numbers in order of origin.

When the dark(1)th east became light and the ba-ra-ba(2) shot was heard in la-ge-re, unexpectedly(3) the attack began not-at-my-te-la.

Answer:

Place pre-pi-na-niya signs. Indicate the number of prepositions in which you need to put ONE comma

1) The pi-a-nist vir-tu-oz-but fulfilled his own and other people’s works and easily read from a page unfamiliar pro-from-ve- de-niya.

2) The tea with fragrant honey was especially delicious and we sat for a long time at a clean whittled white table in the garden. 3) Pictures and vases and other de-ta-li in-te-rie-ra from the sophistication of the taste of her owner.

4) Sometimes Ilyusha’s gaze is filled with tiredness or boredom.

5) The artist was captivated not only by the beauty of the view that opened before him, but also by the variety of natural forms.

Answer:

Arrange all the signs of pre-pi-na-niya: indicate the number(s), in place of which one(s) in the sentence there should be one hundredth place(s).

Ostap inaudibly approached (1) to the chair that covered the fa-ne-ry (2) and (3) dismantled the cover (4 ) ripped up the flat-to-lip-tsa-mi about-shiv-ku.

Answer:

Add all missing punctuation marks:

The early poetry of S. Marshak (1) perhaps (2) can be called impressionistic: it (3) seems (4) illusory and each image leaves the impression of mystery.

Answer:

Indicate the number(s) that should be replaced by a comma(s) in the sentence.

Last night (1) I said goodbye to my companion (2) whose kindness (3) (4) I will never forget.

Answer:

Place all punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.

When Ivan Aristarkhovich appeared at the door of the dressing room (1) he habitually leaned over (2) and (3) so all the actors got the impression (4) that their artistic director was very tall (5) although in fact the doorway was simply quite low.

Answer:

Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.

1) Only a talented artist is able to express in his work all the sensations that a person experiences in war.

2) The text describes the events of the Great Patriotic War in chronological order.

3) The picture depicting what was happening during the war made a strong impression on the narrator.

4) A work of art can remain in a person’s memory for a long time.

(According to V.P. Nekrasov*)

Answer:

Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.

Enter the numbers in ascending order.

1) Sentence 4 explains the idea expressed by the author in sentence 3.

2) Sentences 6-7 contain a description.

3) Sentences 12-14 present the narrative.

4) Sentences 18-19 contain a narrative.

5) Sentence 25 confirms the idea expressed in sentence 24.

(1) The city is burning. (2) Not even the city, but the entire coastline throughout the entire distance visible to the eye. (3) It’s hard to even say whether it’s a fire. (4) This is something more. (5) This is probably how the taiga burns - for weeks, months, for tens, hundreds of kilometers. (6) The crimson swirling sky, the black silhouette of a burning city, as if cut out with a jigsaw. (7) Black and red (8) There is no other. (9) Black city and red sky. (10) And the Volga is red. (11) “It’s like blood,” flashes through my head.

(12) The flame is almost invisible, only in one place, downstream, short jumping tongues. (13) And against us, crumpled, like paper cylinders of oil tanks, fallen, crushed by gas. (14) And from them, flame-mighty prominences break away and are lost in heavy swirling fantastic clouds of lead-red smoke.

(22) It seemed to me that nothing more terrible and majestic could exist.

(23) Now I remember this picture: it was executed well. (24) I still remember every detail in it, every curl of billowing smoke, and it suddenly becomes completely clear to me how powerless, helpless art is. (25) No clouds of smoke, no tongues of flame licking the sky and ominous reflections can convey the feeling that I am experiencing now, sitting on the shore in front of the burning Stalingrad.

(According to V.P. Nekrasov*)

* Viktor Platonovich Nekrasov (1911-1987) - Russian writer, author of works about the war.

Answer:

From sentences 15-17, write down antonyms (antonymous pair).

(12) The flame is almost invisible, only in one place, downstream, short jumping tongues. (13) And against us, crumpled, like paper cylinders of oil tanks, fallen, crushed by gas. (14) And from them, flame-mighty prominences break away and are lost in heavy swirling fantastic clouds of lead-red smoke.

(22) It seemed to me that nothing more terrible and majestic could exist.

(According to V.P. Nekrasov*)

* Viktor Platonovich Nekrasov (1911-1987) - Russian writer, author of works about the war.

(1) The city is burning.

Answer:

Among sentences 15-20, find one(s) that is related to the previous one using a personal pronoun. Write the number(s) of this sentence(s).

(12) The flame is almost invisible, only in one place, downstream, short jumping tongues. (13) And against us, crumpled, like paper cylinders of oil tanks, fallen, crushed by gas. (14) And from them, flame-mighty prominences break away and are lost in heavy swirling fantastic clouds of lead-red smoke.

“In an effort to reflect the terrible pictures of war in his work, the author uses a variety of expressive means, including the following tropes: (A) _______ (“the crimson swirling sky” in sentence 6, “in heavy, swirling fantastic clouds of lead-red smoke” in sentence 14) and (B) _______ (“like a jigsaw” in sentence 6, “like blood” in sentence 11). Describing a picture depicting the horrors of war, which made an unforgettable impression on him as a child, V. Nekrasov uses a syntactic device - (B) _______ (sentence 19). Contrasting this impression with the feelings of a person who finds himself in a war, seeing it with his own eyes, the author uses the technique - (D) _______ (“none” in sentence 25).”

List of terms:

1) context synonyms

2) epithets

3) phraseology

4) comparisons

5) rhetorical question

6) lexical repetition

7) a number of homogeneous members

8) question-and-answer form of presentation

9) exclamatory sentence

(12) The flame is almost invisible, only in one place, downstream, short jumping tongues. (13) And against us, crumpled, like paper cylinders of oil tanks, fallen, crushed by gas. (14) And from them, flame-mighty prominences break away and are lost in heavy swirling fantastic clouds of lead-red smoke.

Formulate one of the problems posed by the author of the text.

Comment on the formulated problem. Include in your comment two illustrative examples from the text you read that you think are important for understanding the problem in the source text (avoid excessive quoting). Explain the meaning of each example and indicate the semantic connection between them.

The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a retelling or a complete rewrite of the original text without any comments, then such work is graded 0 points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

(12) The flame is almost invisible, only in one place, downstream, short jumping tongues. (13) And against us, crumpled, like paper cylinders of oil tanks, fallen, crushed by gas. (14) And from them, flame-mighty prominences break away and are lost in heavy swirling fantastic clouds of lead-red smoke.

(22) It seemed to me that nothing more terrible and majestic could exist.

The city is burning. Not even the city, but the entire coast for the entire distance covered by the eye. It's hard to even say if it's a fire. It's something more. This is probably how the taiga burns - for weeks, months, for tens, hundreds of kilometers. A crimson swirling sky, a black silhouette of a burning city, as if cut out with a jigsaw. Black and red There is no other. Black city and red sky. And the Volga is red. “It’s like blood,” flashes through my head.

The flame is almost invisible, only in one place, downstream, short jumping tongues. And against us, crumpled, like paper cylinders of oil tanks, fallen, crushed by gas. And from them, flame-mighty prominences break away and are lost in heavy swirling fantastic clouds of lead-red smoke.

As a child, I loved looking at an old English magazine from the 1914 war. It had neither a beginning nor an end, but there were amazing pictures - large, full pages: English Tommies in the trenches, attacks, naval battles with foaming waves and destroyers ramming each other, funny ones that looked like bookcases, floating in the air "blériot" ", "farmans" and "taube". It was hard to tear myself away.

But the most terrible thing was the huge, shudderingly gloomy image on the two middle pages of Louvain burning from the German bombings. There were flames, and clouds of smoke that looked like cotton wool, and running people, and destroyed houses, and searchlights in an ominous sky. In a word, it was so scary and captivating that there was no strength to turn the page. I redrew this picture an infinite number of times, colored it with colored pencils, paints, small crayons and then hung these pictures on the walls.

It seemed to me that nothing more terrible and majestic could exist.

Now I remember this picture: it was executed well. I still remember every detail in it, every curl of billowing smoke, and it suddenly becomes completely clear to me how powerless, helpless art is. No clouds of smoke, no flames licking the sky and no ominous reflections can convey the feeling that I am experiencing now, sitting on the shore in front of the burning Stalingrad.

In the text offered to us for analysis by V.P. Nekrasov raises the problem of war - the most terrible test in a person’s life.

Reflecting on this topic, the author tells the story of the hero of the work, who, as a child, was greatly impressed by the “terrible and majestic” image of a bombed, burning city from an old magazine. Through a description of the child’s perception of the picture of war by V.P. Nekrasov tries to convey to the reader the idea that war is terrible even for those who were lucky enough not to know it. Also playing an important role is the fragment in which the hero compares that very illustration and the sensations that he is experiencing now, looking at the burning Stalingrad. With the help of this episode, V. Nekrasov wants to show that the entire scale and horror of war cannot be expressed by any art.

I completely agree with his opinion. The victims of war are not only thousands, millions of dead people - it destroys from within those who remained alive. After all, how can a person who has gone through such a test continue to live as if nothing had happened?

An example that confirms my point of view is the novel by the German writer E.M. Remarque “All Quiet on the Western Front,” telling about the horrors experienced by soldiers during the First World War. The young men, who just yesterday were sitting at school desks, were forced to pick up a gun and go kill “enemies.” Over the course of several years, they turned into rude and ruthless people, and lost all spiritual values and aspirations. Even though there were soldiers who managed to survive this bloodbath, an entire generation was mentally and morally crippled and destroyed due to the shocks they experienced.

Russian writer Leonid Andreev also reflected on the horrors of war. In his story “Red Laughter,” the story is told from the perspective of a soldier participating in hostilities. Among the incessant explosions and screams of colleagues dying in agony, he hears laughter. Throughout the entire work, we observe how the narrator slowly goes crazy due to the shock he has experienced. Even after his return from the war, the madness does not go away, and not only he, but also his loved ones suffer from the realization of this.

Thus, with his work the writer proves that there is no test in a person’s life more terrible than war. After reading the text, you understand that the author’s goal was to remind readers of the importance of realizing that war brings with it a lot of suffering, and one must try to ensure that as few people as possible experience its horrors.

OPTION 1 Unified State Exam 2015

Part 1

The answers to tasks 1-24 are a number, a word, a phrase or sequence of words, numbers . Write the answer in the answer field in the body of the work, and then transfer

in ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of the task number, starting from the first cell, Write each letter and number in a separate box in accordance with the samples given in the form.

Read the text and complete tasks 1 – 3.

(1) At first XIX century, the French Academy ruled not to consider works containing descriptions of stones falling from the sky: It seemed to scientists that all descriptions of meteorites - “heavenly stones” - were a figment of fantasy, the stones had nowhere to fall. (2) This is a very dangerous path - to deny everything that has not yet been explained. (3) Denial of the existence of the incomprehensible has more than once hampered the development of science.

1. Which of the following sentences correctly conveys HOME information contained in the text?

1) Science denies what it cannot explain, trying to avoid dangerous paths.

2) At the beginning of the 19th century century, the French Academy ruled not to consider works containing descriptions of stones falling from the sky.

3) The resolution of the French Academy on the refusal to study meteorites is just one example of how the denial of the incomprehensible hindered the development of science.

4) In the XIX century all descriptionsmeteorites - “heavenly stones” - were considered a figment of fantasy.

5) Denial of what has not yet been explained has repeatedly hampered the development of science, which is confirmed by the decision of the French Academy on the refusal to study meteorites.

2. Which of the following words (combinations of words) should appear in the gap in the first (1) sentence of the text? Write down this word (combination of words).

even nevertheless but because although

Answer:_______________________________________

3. Read a fragment of a dictionary entry that gives the meaning of the word FRUIT. Determine the meaning in which this word is used in the first (1) sentence of the text. Write down the number corresponding to this value in the given fragment of the dictionary entry.

FRUIT, -a, m.

1) The part of a plant that develops from the ovary of a flower and contains seeds. Single-seeded, multi-seeded p. Juicy fruits(fruits, berries). Dry fruits(beans, pods, nuts, acorns). Ripe, unripe n. edible fruits.

2) The human body (animal) in the womb (female). Fetal development.

3) trans., what. Origin, result of something. The fruits of reflection. P. many years of work. P. negligence.

Answer:_______________________________________

4. In one of the words below there is an error in the emphasis:NOT RIGHT The letter denoting the stressed vowel sound is highlighted. Write this word down.

plum beginning beets more beautiful religion

Answer:_______________________________________

5. In one of the sentences belowWRONG The highlighted word is used.Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

For the interior decoration of a room, it is very important for a designer to choose the right colors, that is, to make a GOOD color choice.

The international meeting that took place once again confirmed the EFFECTIVENESS of the work of Russian diplomats.

Children's doctors recommend switching a child to ARTIFICIAL nutrition from the age of ten months.

A leader must be a charming, bright, WHOLE personality.

A new aesthetics that emerged in the works of avant-garde artists, KOREIn a new way, she changed the previous Greco-Roman ideas about the artistic value of art.

Answer:_______________________________________

6. In one of the words highlighted below, an error was made in the formation of the word form. Correct the mistake and write the word correctly.

fresh CAKES THE MOST BEAUTIFUL of all less than FOUR HUNDRED years

no APPLES LIE COMFORTABLE

Answer:_______________________________________

7. Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position in the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

OFFERS

A) L. Obukhova talks about the first cosmonaut of the Earth in the article “Favorite of the Century.”B) The athlete's legs should be slightly bent while holding the tow rope.C) Thanks to the available sources, literary scholars have come to the conclusion about the real fact of awarding M.Yu. Lermontov with a military award for participation in the battle of Valerik.D) One of the facts of the biography of A.P. Chekhov, which recently became known, is the construction of four rural schools at his own expense.D) Each of those who visited the international film festival in Moscow saw the best domestic and foreign films of the year.

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

Answer:

8. Identify the word in which the unstressed vowel of the root being tested is missing.

Write out this word by inserting the missing letter.

get hot..attach to..lambur..fine touch..fall asleep

Answer:_______________________________________

9. Identify the row in which both words in the prefix are missing the same

letter. Write out these words by inserting the missing letter.

pr..despondent, pr.. hail pr..fortified, pr..smart

both..hurt, in..give o..give, on..build

un..take, n..tear off

Answer:_______________________________________

10. AND.

envious..glossy..seize...the key..howl..eclipse

Answer:_______________________________________

11. Write down the word in which a letter is written in place of the gap AND.

glued..nary compared..my struggle..familiar..learned..

Answer:_______________________________________

12. Identify the sentence in which NOT is written with the word FULL. Open the brackets and write down this word.

The dahlias that have (NOT) HAPPENED to bloom are killed by early frosts.

A (NOT) BRIGHT, but pale moon hung over the city.

There were (NOT) vacationers in the park next to the hotel.

Timokhin looked at his commander with fear and (NOT) BELIEF.

(NOT) lingering at the door, the guests immediately entered the hall.

Answer:_______________________________________

13. Identify the sentence in which both highlighted words are written FULL. Open the brackets and write down these two words.

An amazing creature - a cat! She often goes (TO) MEETING danger. (C) DIFFERENT from other animals, this animal is unusually patient and hardy.

Sparrows are engaged in catching caterpillars (B) FOR three weeks until the chicks grow up, and when they fledge, then (B) FOLLOWING their parents they will get their own food.

The bays of Lake Onega have a completely unusual shape. One of them is (IN) THE SIMILARITY of an elephant’s trunk, the other appears to many tourists (IN) THE VIEW of a huge crayfish’s claw.

The hero of Moliere's comedy, Don Juan, appeared in the play as a complete atheist, (YET) witty, fearless and irresistibly attractive, (NOT) LOOKING at his vices.

Answer:_______________________________________

14. Indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) is written NN.

And thick milk pouring from a clay (1) jug, and a lush loaf in a skillfully woven (2) basket, and a sliding napkin written out (3) by the artist in all details and with special expressiveness.

Answer:_______________________________________

15. Place punctuation marks. Indicate the numbers of the proposals in which you need to put ONE comma.

1) Increasingly, angry and cold winds blow and tear off the leaves.

2) Poetry glorifies either the majestic distances or the inexhaustible scattering of stars.

3) I wish I had given this cigarette case to someone a long time ago, but I don’t dare!

4) In the distance he saw a village of five or six courtyards.

Answer:_______________________________________

16. Place punctuation marks:

The wind (1) rustling and rustling in the birch forest (2) ran across the fields (3) covered with white flowers (4) absorbing the aromas of herbs.

Answer:_______________________________________

17. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentences.

Answer:_______________________________________

18. Place punctuation marks: indicate the number(s) in whose place(s) there should be a comma(s) in the sentence.

In one of the bays of the Pacific Ocean (1) a giant squid (2) was discovered whose eye (3) diameter (4) is equal to a quarter of a meter.

Answer:_______________________________________

19. Place punctuation marks: indicate all the numbers that should be replaced by commas in the sentence.

Gulyaev was a strong man (1) and (2) when he returned to the Urals (3) the brilliant glory of a millionaire followed him (4) to whom everything was available.

Answer:_______________________________________

Read the text and complete tasks 20 – 25.

(1) The city is burning. (2) Not even the city, but the entire coastline throughout the entire distance visible to the eye. (3) It’s hard to even say whether it’s a fire. (4) This is something more. (5) This is probably how the taiga burns - for weeks, months, for tens, hundreds of kilometers. (6) The crimson swirling sky, the black silhouette of a burning city, as if cut out with a jigsaw. (7) Black and red. (8) There is no other. (9) Black city and red sky. (10) And the Volga is red. (11) “It’s like blood,” flashes through my head.

(22) It seemed to me that nothing more terrible and majestic could exist.

(23) Now I remember this picture: it was executed well. (24) I still remember every detail in it, every curl of billowing smoke, and it suddenly becomes completely clear to me how powerless, helpless art is. (25) No clouds of smoke, no flames licking the sky and no ominous reflections can convey the feeling that I am experiencing now, sitting on the shore in front of the burning Stalingrad.

(According to V.P. Nekrasov*)

* Viktor Platonovich Nekrasov (1911-1987) – Russian writer, author of works about the war.

20. Which of the statements correspond to the content of the text? Please provide answer numbers.

1) Only a talented artist is able to express in his work all the sensations that a person experiences in war.

2) The text describes the events of the Great Patriotic War in chronological order.

3) The picture depicting what was happening during the war made a strong impression on the narrator.

4) A work of art can remain in a person’s memory for a long time.

5) The Great Patriotic War began in 1941.

Answer:_______________________________________

21. Which of the following statements are true? Please provide answer numbers.

1) Sentence 4 explains the idea expressed by the author in sentence 3.

2) Sentences 6 – 7 contain a description.

3) Sentences 12 – 14 present the narrative.

4) Sentences 18 – 19 contain a narrative.

5) Sentence 25 confirms the idea expressed in sentence 24.

Answer:_______________________________________

22. From sentences 15 – 17, write down antonyms (antonymous pair).

Answer:_______________________________________

23 . Among sentences 15–20, find one that is related to the previous one using a personal pronoun. Write the number of this offer.

Answer:_______________________________________

Read a fragment of a review based on the text that you analyzed while completing tasks 20– 23.

This fragment examines the linguistic features of the text. Some terms used in the review are missing. Insert into the blanks (A, B, C, D) the numbers corresponding to the number of the term from the list. Write down the corresponding number in the table under each letter.

Write down the sequence of numbers in ANSWER FORM No. 1 to the right of task number 24, starting from the first cell, no spaces, commas or other additional characters.

Write each number in accordance with the samples given in the form.

24. “Trying to reflect in his work the terrible pictures of war, the author uses a variety of expressive means, including the following tropes: (A)___________ (“ crimson swirling sky" in sentence 6, "in heavy, swirling fantastic clouds lead red smoke” in sentence 14) and (B)___________ (“like a jigsaw” in sentence 6, “like blood” in sentence 11). Describing a picture depicting the horrors of war, which made an unforgettable impression on him as a child, V. Nekrasov uses a syntactic device - (B)___________ (sentence 19). Contrasting this impression with the feelings of a person who finds himself in a war, seeing it with his own eyes, the author uses the technique - (D)_____________ (“no” in sentence 25).”

List of terms:

1) context synonyms

2) epithets

3) phraseology

4) comparisons

5) rhetorical question

6) lexical repetition

7) a number of homogeneous members

8) question-and-answer form of presentation

9) exclamatory sentence

Answer:

Part 2

25. Write an essay based on the text you read.

Formulate and comment on one of the problems posed by the author of the text (avoid excessive quoting).

Formulate position of the author (storyteller). Write whether you agree or disagree with the point of view of the author of the text you read. Explain why. Argue your opinion, relying primarily on reading experience, as well as knowledge and life observations (the first two arguments are taken into account).

The volume of the essay is at least 150 words.

Work written without reference to the text read (not based on this text) is not graded. If the essay is a retelling or completely rewritten of the original text without any comments, then such work is scored zero points.

Write an essay carefully, legible handwriting.

ANSWERS

OPTION 1 Unified State Exam 2015

to the tasks of part 1

№ tasks

INFORMATION ABOUT THE TEXT

PARTS 2

Approximate range of problems