Unpretentious tulips. Tulip varieties

In the spring, having missed warmth and flowers, we meet bulbous primroses with special tenderness and joy. The largest of them are tulips (Tulipa L.). This wonderful noble flower needs no introduction, it is familiar and loved by everyone. For a long time, wild tulips grew in the forests, then, with the light hand of Peter I, their most beautiful hybrids gradually began to enter our lives. Now there are a huge number of varieties of tulips and new ones are constantly appearing. It is not surprising to get confused in such a variety. Scientists have created a classification that can help amateur gardeners choose the right varieties of these flowers for their site.

From 1913 to 1929, botanists and plant growers in Holland and England worked to create a classification of the species and varieties of tulips that existed at that time. Since then, it has been periodically updated - new varieties are added and obsolete ones are excluded.

The modern international classification divides tulips into 4 large groups, which, in turn, are divided into classes (there are 15 of them). The division of this plant into groups was based on the timing of their flowering. The exception is the last (fourth group), it includes wild-growing species and all varieties of tulips derived from them.

We propose to consider together in more detail all the positions of this classification. And the presented photos and names of varieties will make our review more informative.

Early blooming tulips. Group-I

The first group consists of early flowering tulips. It is divided into two classes - simple and terry.

Class-1. Simple early flowering

Simple early blooming tulips(Tulipa single early) have been known for a long time, since the time of Peter the Great. They are strong and hardy, not afraid of spring bad weather, therefore they are very popular. They reach a height of 40 cm. The flowers are in the shape of a glass or bowl and tend to open fully. The color is dominated by bright and warm yellow-red tones. Flowering begins around mid-April. Tulips of this class will adequately decorate the spring flower bed. Looks good in containers and pots. Often they are used for winter distillation. But due to the insufficient length of the flower stalks, they are not suitable for cutting.

christmas dream
Diana

Mickey Mouse
Couleur Cardinal

For example, the red-pink Christmas Marvel, bred in 1954, became the basis for the creation of many wonderful sports (“sport” is a plant with characteristics that are different from those characteristic of this variety, for example, a different color of the petals, lack of a border, etc.). One of them is Christmas Dream - a pale pink glass, located on a strong 45 cm peduncle.

Large and wide glasses Pink Trophy attract attention with a lilac-pink tint. A sea of ​​bright sunny colors will add a colorful red and yellow Mickey Mouse to the garden.

The very popular and unpretentious plum-red tulip of the Couleur Cardinal variety is an old one, its history dates back to 1845. But due to its highest decorative effect and simple care requirements, it is still actively grown. A low (up to 30 cm) peduncle makes it convenient for creating flower beds, borders, ridges.

A short, sturdy man (15-20 cm) with elongated glasses of deep red Brilliant Star looks amazing in a group container planting. To match him is the same small, but with a large flower glass, the snow-white variety Diana (bred in 1909).

Delicate and romantic variety Olga has a cup-shaped rich pink flower with a white border. Light orange General de Wet, despite its decent age (bred in 1904), will adequately decorate any flower garden.

Of course, we have named only some representatives of this class, although it is considered small.

Class-2. Terry early flowering

Terry early flowering tulips(Tulipa Double Early) began their history around 1613. They got their European name "Double Tulips" due to the special structure of the flower, which has two rows of petals (as if one six-petal flower is in the middle of another). Especially lush varieties have three additional petals. Terry tulips are rather low (up to 30 cm), which makes them unsuitable for cutting, despite the beautiful large flowers (their open diameter is about 12 cm). Often used as a pot culture and for forcing, and in the garden they adequately decorate the front rows of various flower beds. This class is characterized by long flowering (more than 10 days).

Abba
Melrose
mondial

Verona
Monte Carlo
Monte Orange

Like simple tulips, terry early ones have a strong peduncle, are resistant to spring weather and bloom at the same time. Although sometimes even a strong stem does not hold a heavy luxurious flower.

The baby (about 10 cm) Abba is very popular, its rich red flowers immediately attract attention. Large yellow flowers will meet the spring of Monte Carlo and Mr. van der Hoef. Raspberry petals with soft pink edging make up the flowers of the Melrose variety. Lovers of orange flowers will love the stunningly bright melon-salmon Monte Orange.

The most delicate colors will give you a light lemon variety Verona, snow-white handsome Mondial, white with small yellow stripes Evita.

This class is also considered not numerous, but the choice here is huge.

Although this group is called early flowering, it should be noted that some varieties of Kaufman, Greig and other botanical species bloom even earlier.

Medium blooming tulips. Group-II

The second group consists of tulips of the middle flowering period, which are divided into two classes - Triumph and Darwin.

Class-3. Tulips Triumph

Tulips Triumph(Triumph) were bred after 1910, and in 1923 they were first put up for sale and already had the original name. In the process of their selection, simple early tulips, Darwin hybrids, as well as some old varieties were used. A distinctive feature of this class are high (about 70 cm) rather strong peduncles, large goblet flowers that hold their shape well. The color of the petals can be absolutely any, various shades and their combinations. Flowering is long, begins in late April-early May.

Amazone
Barcelona
white dream

All the characteristics of Triumph tulips make them suitable for cutting. They are also widely used in the decorative design of flower beds. Can be used for medium and late distillation. They reproduce well vegetatively.

Now Triumph tulips form the most numerous class.

To visually present them to you, it is very difficult to choose a few varieties from such a variety and magnificence.

It is impossible to pass by the Arabian Beauty tulip. His large (up to 12 cm) light purple glass, thanks to the yellow edge, glows like a magic lamp from the inside. An interesting color in the Roman Empire variety, the red petal on top is decorated with the widest white border.

The snow-white elongated White Dream flower looks very aristocratic. Red flashes brightly in the flowerbed, with a velvety sheen of Ben van Zanten. Sunny yellow Strong Gold will add golden colors to your site, its glass never opens and lasts a long time after cutting. A peach-orange Amazone will provide a positive mood. Lovers of black tulips will be interested in the Ronaldo variety with very dark velvety purple petals.

Ben van Zanten
Strong Gold
Ronaldo

The unusual shape of the glass with sharp, slightly curved white petals and a pleasant aroma make the Agrass White variety attractive. The pink-lilac Barcelona variety also has a wonderful sweetish aroma.

Care and cultivation of Triumph tulips are very simple. They are undemanding to the composition of the soil, can grow in the shade and even in windy places.

Class-4. Darwin hybrids

Darwin hybrids(Darwin Hybrids) - the most common class of tulips, which was formed in 1960. They are a selection of Darwin and Foster tulips. These hybrids have a high stem (up to 80 cm), a large cup-shaped flower (about 10 cm). A characteristic feature of the flower is a rectangular bottom, most often black. The petals of this class of tulips are predominantly red, although there are other colors, including bicolors. Darwin hybrids do not have only purple-lilac flowers.

The main disadvantage of most varieties of this class is their ability to fully open on a sunny day, although some people even like it. But Darwin hybrids are resistant to diseases and spring bad weather, retain their decorative effect for a long time in the cut. They are widely used in spring flower beds, as well as for March forcing. The varieties of this class are very similar to each other.

A beautiful salmon shade distinguishes the Daydream and Chambery varieties. American Dream has a very elegant glass with an unusual color; the red border looks very impressive on the sandy-yellow petals. The tulip Come Back has a royal raspberry-red color. Smooth transitions from almost red to pale pink distinguish the color of the petals of the Big Chief variety. From the magnificent elongated yellow Conqueror glass, it exudes aristocracy.

Armani
Hatsuzakura
daydream

Gavota
Ivory Floradale
american dream

The most delicate colors are represented by varieties: Hatsuzakura - creamy white with a lilac-pink wide border; ivory Ivory Floradale; snow-white Lanka.

Lovers of dark shades should definitely pay attention to the Gavota variety and its maroon flowers with a yellow border, Armani tulips are dark red with a thin white border.

As you can see, although the shape of the flower in Darwin hybrids is the same, the variety of colors makes them different from each other.

Late blooming tulips. Group-III

This group is the largest and most diverse. It included 7 classes - simple, lily-colored, fringed, green-colored, Rembrandt, parrot, terry.

Class-5. Simple late flowering

Simple late flowering(Single Late) combined in their class Darwin tulips, as well as old types Bridera and Cottage. The newly formed class is characterized by a rather high stem (up to 75 cm), large egg-shaped glasses of flowers with an almost square bottom and rounded petals. The color range is not limited, there are also variegated two-color varieties. They begin to bloom in mid-May. Due to the strong high stem and long-lasting decorativeness of the flower, they have proven themselves in cutting and are very popular for decorating plots. But not all varieties are suitable for distillation, since they have a long growing season. This class of tulips is quite hardy in relation to adverse conditions.

Renown
Menton
Cafe Noir

Blushing Lady
Hemisphere
Weisse Berliner

Blushing Lady yellow with pink-lilac veins, as if the white Hemisphere flower shaded with a raspberry pencil, and the pretty white-pink Aleida with a bronze-yellow border attract attention with an unusual two-tone color.

Dark colors can be represented by varieties such as Cafe Noir with its burgundy coffee glasses, black and purple Queen of Night, magenta Bacchus.

Light pink Angels Kiss, silky carmine-pink Renown bud, white Weisse Berliner with a light cream shade, apricot-pink Menton conquer with their tenderness. Unusual shape with bent petals and lilac-pink, like a porcelain glass in the Picture variety. Snow-white Weisse Berliner will surprise you with multi-flowering.

Rich red with a yellow bottom Wisley, bright red Gordon Cooper, red-pink with a wide orange border Favorite Beauty, salmon-orange My Lady, rich yellow with red touches Hocus Pocus will make your garden bright and sunny.

We tried to analyze what tulips are. Their variety is huge. We hope that our information and videos will help you make a good choice and you will be able to enjoy amazing and beautiful flowers all spring.

Tulips are often compared in beauty and demand with the queen of the garden - the rose. Many people like the first ones more, besides, the variety of these colors is amazing. In the middle of the 17th century in Holland, the population was literally obsessed with tulips, hundreds of varieties were bred. The excitement has long passed, but the beautiful flowers still delight with their diversity. That is why a classification was created that divided the varieties of tulips into groups. Let's get to know them.

This is interesting! There is a legend that happiness was hidden in a tulip bud, but no one knew how to open it. Once, a kind and pure-hearted boy took a flower, and he opened the petals, making it clear what is important in life for a person.

A little background

Until the beginning of the last century, flower growers had no idea how to deal with a wide range of tulips. There are so many varieties that everyone was confused, and the beginning of the creation of the classification fell on 1913. But this business was not so easy for the British and Dutch, and for another 16 years the process could not be completed to the end. As a result, the first register was created in 1929, of course, by now it has undergone a number of changes. After all, some varieties of tulips have become obsolete, some have been discovered yet. In general, there are more than 2.5 thousand of them, but they are all divided into 4 groups in which there are classes, and there are now 15 of them. We will not be able to list all the varieties, but below we will introduce the most beautiful and popular ones.

On a note! Since there are a lot of tulips in each class, we will name, show a photo and describe only a few, but we will list some more. And you yourself, if you wish, can find pictures of varieties on the Internet.

Groups and classes - general description

In this section, we will simply show what the classification looks like, and then we will analyze it in more detail. So, tulips are divided according to the following principle.

Group 1. Early flowering.

• Class 1. Simple.
• Class 2. Terry.

Group 2. Medium flowering.

• Class 3. Triumph
• Class 4. Darwin hybrids.

Group 3. Late flowering.

• Class 5. Simple.
• Class 6. Lily-colored.
• Class 7. Fringed.
• Class 8. Green-colored.
• Class 9. Rembrandt.
• Class 10. Parrots.
• Class 11. Terry.

Group 4. Types of tulips and their hybrids.

• Class 12. Kaufman.
• Class 13. Foster.
• Class 14. Greig.
• Class 15. Wild.

This is what the classification looks like at the moment. There are many different varieties of tulips in each group and class. Let's get to know some of them.

early blooming tulips

Simple

These are very unpretentious flowers, they easily endure harsh winters, bad weather, which is typical for most regions of our country. At the same time, even the wind does not break beautiful tulips, which can reach a height of 25 cm to 40 cm. It is believed that varieties of this class are great for decorating borders and garden paths. Flowers love a lot of sunlight, and with it the buds open as much as possible. Tulips are also suitable for growing in flowerpots, trays on the veranda, and for forcing.

Popular varieties:

Terry

These tulips do not reach more than 30 cm in height, they delight us with terry-type petals, the flowers grow very well, and bloom for a long time. The buds are large - up to 8-10 cm in diameter. Terry varieties always look festive, elegant, elegant and unusual. Tulips of this class serve as an excellent decoration both for flower beds and as a living border.

For information! Bulbous flowers should always be grown where there is no excess moisture, there is plenty of sunlight, and the soil is neutral.

Popular varieties:

• "Terry red". It has very large scarlet flowers with double petals, they can reach more than 12 cm in diameter. This is one of the most sought after varieties;
  "Terry Red"
• "Monte Carlo". These are yellow terry flowers - up to 10 cm in diameter. Strong side - resistant stems and immunity to diseases;
  "Monte Carlo"
• Ice cream. From the name you can understand that this variety of tulips is compared by breeders with delicious ice cream. All thanks to the unusual combination of shades and the shape of the flowers themselves. But these tulips do not like bad weather and high humidity.
  "Ice cream"

  Advice! Also look at the varieties of this group with the names - "Bonanza", "Dante", "Carlton", "Electra", "Shunord", "Murillo Maxima", "Madame Testu", "Triumphant".

Medium blooming tulips

By the name it is clear that these tulips do not begin to bloom early - in the third decade of May. But sometimes summer residents achieve earlier flowering, in general, gardeners love the flowers of this group. They bloom evenly, shades delight with their diversity. Quite unpretentious group, does not require special care, tolerates weather hardships well.

Triumph

Tulips of these varieties are well suited for making bouquets - they have tall, stable stems, the correct shape of the flower - in the form of a wine glass. Bouquets stand for a long time, they look very decorative.

Popular varieties:

Darwin hybrids

These flowers look beautiful along fences, walls, and can be cut into bouquets. These are giants - up to 80 cm tall. The "glass" of the flower can open wide. Tulips are not afraid of frost, diseases.

Popular varieties:

Advice! Also look at the following varieties of this group - "Apeldoorn", "Princess Beatrix", "Roland", "Topskor", "Beauty of Apeldoorn", "Diplomat", "Oxford".

late blooming tulips

It is clear from the name that varieties from this group bloom already in late spring and early summer. These tulips love warm and hot weather, but they are very capricious about lowering temperatures and returning frosts. Therefore, if you plant such tulips, then follow the forecast in the spring in order to cover the flower beds in time.

Simple

Tall tulips - up to 80 cm. The shades of the petals can be different, the flowers can be easily planted. The shape of the inflorescence is goblet, at the stem it resembles a square. Flowers are large and beautiful.

Popular varieties:

Advice! Also look at the varieties - "Prince Vladimir", "President Hoover", "Artist", "Advance", "Dido", "Rosie Wings", "Georgette", "White City".

lilyflowers

And here scientists gave the name to tulips for a reason. The shape of the flower makes it clear that these buds resemble lilies, they have sharp tips. The main colors are white, pink, scarlet, yellow. Tulips grow up to 50-60 cm, do not fall apart. When the buds are fully opened, you can see that inside the petals have a second shade.

Popular varieties:

Advice! Take a closer look at the varieties - Aladdin, Astor, Alaska, Captain Fryatt, Hedwig Futter, White Triumphant.

fringed

Tulips of this class were created relatively recently - at the end of the last century. Flowers are tall and stately. They can be immediately distinguished by the edge of the petals, where there is a needle-like frill. Varieties bloom at different times - in late spring and summer, the shades can be completely unique.

Popular varieties:

green-colored

There are flowers that are often planted, and there are rare and expensive ones. This is exactly what this class is. Breeders bred a number of varieties in 1981, the main distinguishing feature is the middle of the green buds. The petals themselves may be different.

Popular varieties:

Advice! You can choose other tulips with names - "Artist", "Green", "Greenland", "China Town", "Golden Artist".

Rembrandt

These tulips can create a great mood even on the most inclement day. They are so different, they can be of any shades, pattern. They bloom in the second decade of May, grow up to 75 cm. Gardeners love them very much.

Popular varieties:

Advice! You can also plant such varieties as American Flag, Black Boy, Montgomery, Star and Stripes, Pierrette.

parrots

The name speaks for itself. Tulips are bright, have unusual petals, the edges of which seem to be cut, it seems that the flowers imitate birds. Loved and in demand by gardeners. They have a high stem - 65-80 cm. After cutting, tulips stand well, only the flowers are fragile and you need to be careful. On the site they can be planted along the fence, terraces, in combination with low-growing varieties of tulips. Flower diameter - up to 20 cm.

Popular varieties:

Terry

These tulips have large inflorescences that open very wide. They need a quiet sunny place on the site so that the petals are not damaged. Shades may vary.

Popular varieties:

Types of tulips and their hybrids

The group has an unusual name, all because all the flowers that did not fall into the previous classes were assigned here. There are a lot of varieties here. We will name the main types of tulips, look at their photos. There are only four names, but the colors themselves are very diverse, as their breeders mix with each other. Tulips are different, the timing of flowering can be both early and late. Of course, varieties differ in appearance.

Kaufman

As a rule, they delight with flowering in April. The flowers are low growing, ideal for border decoration, and can be grown in trays on summer verandas. The shape of the inflorescences resembles a star. They can decorate rockeries, alpine hills, they are not afraid of shadows. These tulips are crossed with the next two and get different hybrids. The class was withdrawn in 1877.

One of Kaufman's varieties

Foster

Tulips are large - up to 15-18 cm in diameter. They bloom in spring, they are often planted in compositions with other primroses or flowers that open their buds in early summer. The shades of the petals can be different, the varieties are not afraid of frost. In culture since 1905.

Foster Tulips

Greig

Most often, tulips have either two shades on one flower, or they are just red. Ideal for decorating paths, they can land at the base of a rock garden. Inflorescences are large, unpretentious class with strong stems. The petals have jagged edges. The class is used for crossing with Kaufman and Foster tulips. In culture since 1872.

Tulips Greig

wild

These tulips have also been classified, but many varieties here are quite unremarkable when compared with other groups. It is worth noting that the three classes listed above are classified as wild - Kaufman, Foster, Greig. The group also includes tulips - "Borshcheva", "Alberta", "Great", "Tubergena", "Julia" and a number of other varieties. Not all flowers surprise with shades, saturation, petals can be small. But then these tulips are absolutely unpretentious, that's why they are wild. They can bloom up to a month in time. Breeders use wild varieties to create new hybrids.

One last thing about forcing

To get luxurious tulips not only in spring and summer in the flower beds, but also throughout the year for the holidays, gardeners are engaged in forcing. That is, you can grow bouquets when you need. The process is simple, but it needs to be well understood once. There is another important point - not all flowers can be grown at home in trays. If you want to receive bouquets by March 8, then use the following varieties of tulips for distillation - "Aruba" (raspberry), "Beauty Trend" (delicate white and pink), "Cacharel" (terry pink), "Fest Rosie" (pink ), "Luba" (like a flame), "Red Power" (scarlet), "Rems Favorit" (purple-white), "Strong Gold" (yellow).

Here are so many varieties we have learned. Pick your favorites and plant next season.

Tulips have long been a subject of admiration in the East, once in Europe, they caused a real flurry of passions, becoming one of the most beloved and common garden plants. Today, flower growers have varieties of tulips at their disposal, the photos and names of which will certainly cause a desire to decorate their plot with these flowers.

The world center for tulip breeding has historically been the Netherlands. Once here many centuries ago, the bulb culture became the love and lifework of entire dynasties. Therefore, both proven old and incredibly spectacular new Dutch tulips are still the basis of every collection.

According to the timing of flowering plants are divided into early, middle and late. According to the shape of the flower and origin, tulips are divided into fifteen classes, most of which are given to hybrids of Gesner and Foster tulips.

Since even wild-growing species are decorative, such as the Bieberstein tulip, a separate class is also dedicated to them. Species plants also have their own sections, on which breeders are actively working. These are tulips of Kaufman, Foster and Greig.

Group of early blooming tulips

Photos of tulips and the names of varieties of early flowering periods always arouse great interest among flower growers. This is not surprising, because in the first warm days you really want bright colors. Among the spring bulbs, tulips have the largest flowers. However, early varieties of simple and double tulips are inferior in height and variety to their later counterparts.

Simple early tulips or Tulipa single early are combined in Class 1. Plants up to 40 cm high with relatively small corollas belong to Gesner and Schrenk tulips. Depending on the variety, the size of a glass-like flower reaches 5–7 cm. Red and yellow tones predominate in the color of the flowers. Although there are more original colors, for example, the delicate purple tulip of the Purple Prince variety shown in the photo.

Recently, the popularity of early varieties of tulips blooming from mid-April has been growing, which is facilitated by the possibility of forcing flowers, but strong, but short peduncles are not always suitable for cutting.

Forming Class 2 Tulipa Double Early early double tulips were first obtained shortly after the introduction of culture in the Old World. The English name of the group literally translates as "double", which accurately describes the structure of the flower, as if consisting of two corollas nested in each other.

Today, breeders offer flower growers to grow incredibly lush flowers with additional petals. Plants of this type are short, strong, bloom up to two weeks and are excellent for growing in pots, as well as for spring forcing.

Varieties, photo and name of tulips of medium flowering periods

The second group of plants combines the most common and popular tulips Darwin and Triumph.

Triumph tulips, included in Class 3, are a group of plants with simple large flowers crowning peduncles up to 70 cm high. Varieties dating back to the beginning of the last century and new varieties are excellent for mass cultivation. Flower growers are attracted by strong peduncles of tulips and flowers that perfectly retain their shape, shaped like elegant wine glasses. Flowering begins in the last decade of April and lasts 7-12 days.

Due to their size, stable flowering and the presence of not only red, but also yellow, pink tulips, plants with white, deep purple and even two-tone corollas, mid-early varieties are recognized by landscape designers, ordinary flower growers and those who are not indifferent to tulips in bouquets. The interest of summer residents in the group is supported by:

• unpretentiousness of varieties;
• versatility of purpose;
• an abundance of colors;
• large flowers that keep their shape and freshness for a long time;
• easy vegetative propagation;
• the ability to use for distillation in the middle and late periods.

Tall, resistant to viral diseases and highly variable due to their tendency to mutate, Darwin hybrids rival Triumph tulips and form a Class 4, as extensive as the previous one.

These plants owe their popularity to the tulip variety depicted in the photo with the name Apeldoorn, which fully manifested the ability to produce offspring during vegetative propagation, unlike the parent plants.

Another variety widely known in the territory of the former Soviet Union is the Parade tulip, obtained back in the 50s and still decorating the streets of Russian cities and the flower beds of summer residents.

The yellow tulip shown in the photo, closely related to the previous variety, is called Golden Parade and is rightfully considered one of the largest in the family of medium-early varieties.

For all Darwin hybrids, the red or two-tone color of large corollas, about 10 cm high, is more often characteristic. Flowers in sunny weather can fully open, which accelerates their fall.

Late flowering tulips: peony, simple and other classes

This group is the most extensive and variegated, both in color and in the shape of the corollas, the flowers combined into it. Tulips form seven independent classes, some of which are actively developing, and some will soon become history.

Class 5 includes varieties of late simple tulips or Tulipa Single Late with peduncles up to 75 cm high and egg-like corollas. The petals of these tulips are rounded, and the bottom of the flower forms an almost regular square. This class is incredibly diverse. Any colors and their combinations are possible here.

White and black tulips look very impressive next to each other, which are represented by the Queen of Night variety in the photo. The varieties that bloom in mid-May are beautiful in the flower bed and in the cut, but they are not very suitable for forcing, because they hibernate for too long.

Unusually graceful lily-colored tulips Tulipa Lilyflowering formed Class 6.

These plants are natives of Turkey, due to their low hardiness, they spread in Europe relatively recently. The main feature of the representatives of the class is the pointed petals that form a sophisticated corolla resembling a lily. The height of the peduncles is 50 - 60 cm.

In the palette of lilac-colored tulips, white, as in the photo, pink, lilac, yellow and red tones, as well as their numerous combinations.

In Class 7 you can see flowers of all forms from simple to lilac or double.

However, all varieties will have one common feature - the presence of a needle fringe on the edges of the petals. The first flowers of this variety were seen in the first half of the last century, and since then unusual varieties for cutting and landscape decoration have appeared more and more often.

One of the newest sections of the garden classification - Class 8 is formed by green-colored tulips Tulipa Viridiflora, obtained from a fixed mutation of simple plants.

It can be distinguished from its counterparts by a wide green stripe running along the central lily of each petal. Because of it, tulip buds look green for a long time, and their true color appears only at the stage of dissolution. The most popular in the class is the white tulip of the Spring Green variety shown in the photo.

The average and high height of the peduncles made tulips of this class available both for decorating the site and for cutting.

If the eighth grade is new, then Class 9, intended for the variegated Rembrandt tulips, has no development prospects. This community of varieties, well known from the paintings of the Dutch and Flemish painters of the 17th-18th centuries, is actually abolished today, and the varieties remaining after the sanitation of the class have been transferred to other groups.

The reason for this is the fixation of a dangerous variegation virus in the plant, which causes the appearance of stripes and strokes of contrasting shades on the petals.

Parrot tulips with fancy petals reminiscent of exotic bird feathers form Class 10. Plants of this variety are distinguished not only by the bizarre shape of the corollas, but also by their size.

The diameter of the flower can reach up to 20 cm, which imposes its own requirements on the strength of the peduncles. The stems of parrot tulips are really strong, but not too tall, growing up to 40-60 cm. In order to prevent the loss of flowers due to wind or heavy rain, plants are provided with reliable protection, and sometimes support.

Terry late tulips, forming Class 11, by analogy with the early ones are called Tulipa Double Late. However, this group has another name, caused by the beautiful shape of a large flower - peony tulips.

Compared to double flowers that open in late April, the corollas are much more massive and dense in late varieties, such as in the descendant of the Apeldoorn tulip, Double Beauty Of Apeldoorn.

Like parrot tulips, heavy-headed late terry varieties need support and planting in a place protected from the wind. With regular care and attention, these plants with stems up to 60 cm will create a carpet of incredible beauty and brightness in a flower bed.

Special attention of flower growers has recently been given to the Ice Cream tulip with superficial petals of a juicy berry shade and a snow-white core, resembling a cone with a favorite summer delicacy. Although the variety is relatively new, today the photo of the tulip Ice cream is decorated not only with the catalogs of bulb manufacturers, but also with the plots of Russian summer residents.

Species tulips: the fourth group in the garden classification

The fourth group is species tulips used in the selection of cultivars and grown as independent ornamental plants.

Class 12 is given to Kaufman tulips, which bloom already in March, can reach a height of 30 cm, and their flowers with pointed petals of different colors are always organic on low borders and rocky hills.

Foster's tulips, the tallest of species plants, are distinguished not only by this, but also by large flowers, which made it possible to use plants to obtain many modern varieties that are included in other groups and classes. The buds of Foster's tulips open in April and immediately attract attention with unusual petals bent at the top.

Species Greig's tulips and their hybrids, which form Class 14, are easily distinguished by patterned leaves covered with colored stripes and strokes. Although the plants of this species are not tall, due to their high decorativeness and long flowering, they are always welcome guests on the site.

Class 15 contains wild species tulips. Compared with their garden descendants and relatives, these species, often called botanical species, are shorter, better adapted to harsh conditions. In addition, full of charm, medium-sized flowers are less affected by diseases or are completely resistant to them.

Video about varieties of tulips

The history of tulip breeding

Although everyone is used to considering tulips a symbol of Holland, they were originally brought from Persia to Turkey in the 16th century. And the first mention of this flower is found precisely in connection with Persia. And the name "tulip" comes from the Persian word toliban, which means "turban", apparently because the flower bud resembles this oriental headdress in shape. Now there are a huge number of varieties of tulips with different flower shapes.

As early as the 16th century, tulip breeding began in Turkey for the first time. And by the end of the century, almost 300 varieties had been bred.

In Europe, namely in Germany, tulips were first brought in 1559. The tulip bulbs were sent to Augsburg by the German ambassador to the Turkish court to Senator Gervart.

But the most serious attitude to the issue of breeding new varieties was taken in Holland, and as a result, tulips became a symbol of this country. It was in Holland that the most popular and collectible varieties of tulips were bred.

And already at the end of the 19th century, they began to grow tulips in Russia. First, tulip breeding centers appeared in the south of the country: in Rostov-on-Don and Sukhumi, and then, with the development of agrotechnical technologies, other Russian cities began to breed new varieties.

Classes and groups of tulips

In the specialized literature, all tulips are divided into 15 classes and combined into 4 groups. Moreover, garden tulips are included in the classification from grades 1 to 11, and botanical tulips and cultural hybrids are included in grades 11 to 15.

Single early and late tulips and double early and late tulips are the most common classes known. These hybrids were bred at the beginning of the 20th century, but despite this, not all of their varieties are common in our country.

There are many popular varieties in categories such as Darwin hybrids, Lilyflowered tulips and Triumph tulips. Now a lot of new varieties appear among the Fringed, Parrot and Green tulips. This is due to the growing demand for flowers in original colors and shapes. Varieties in the categories of Rembrandt tulips, Foster tulips, Kaufman tulips, Greig tulips are considered unpretentious in care. They are attractive with large flowers and early flowering.

Other species, varieties and hybrids, bred on the basis of tulips of the categories already mentioned, constitute a separate class in which each variety is not yet widely represented, but brightly.

Tulips are also classified according to flowering time: early flowering, medium flowering, late flowering and hybrids of these groups.

Flower bed of tulips

Since there are a lot of varieties of tulips, it is impossible to list them all, as well as to single out the most beautiful ones. All tulips are beautiful in their own way. The only reason why you should still navigate the varieties is that when growing you need to know how this or that variety is adapted to certain environmental conditions. And if you form a flower garden from tulips of different varieties, then you can ensure that your flower bed will be in bloom for 1.5 months, you just need to plant the tulips correctly according to the flowering time, so planting tulips is very important.

If you want to see the flowering of tulips as early as possible, pay attention to the hybrids of Foster, Kaufmann, Greig. They bloom in mid-April and bloom for quite some time. Among the varieties of this group: Princess Sharman, Lenin's Memorial, Johann Strauss, Roseanne, Lovely Seprize.

Almost simultaneously with these tulips or immediately after them, early tulips bloom, simple and double. These are such hybrids as Mr. Van Der Hoof, Peach Blossom, Elektra, Willemsord, Epricot Beauty, Ruby Red and others. They are distinguished by large flowers and a stem up to 50 cm tall.

In our latitudes, medium-flowering tulips are especially popular. These are hybrids of Darwin tulips and Triumph tulips. Their flowering falls at a time when the weather has already settled, and the flowers do not suffer from frost or winds. These tulips are distinguished by large flowers and bright colors. Medium flowering varieties include Parade Record, General Eisenhower, Gordon Cooper, Tender Beauty and others.

But more than others, we have Triumph class tulips that bloom in mid-May. A lot of flower growers grow varieties such as Lustige Vitve, Don Quixote, Kis Nelis, White Dream.

If you like flowers of unusual shapes and colors, then you should choose late-blooming tulips from Lilyflowered, Fringed or Parrot: Miranda, Up Star, Angelica, Alegretto, Ankle Tom. Parrot tulips are widely represented by such varieties as White Parrot, Red Parrot, Orange Favorite, Blue Parrot, Black Parrot.

Fringed are attractive with an unusual shape of the petals. Varieties Red Wing, New Look, Maya, Blue Heron are incredibly popular among both professionals and amateurs.

And lily-colored tulips also have a very beautiful flower structure, similar in shape to a lily. Among them are such hybrids as White Triumphant, West Point, Mrs. Mook, Red Shine, Jacqueline and many others.

More than 2.5 thousand varieties of tulips have been bred. Not all of them are equally widespread. There are those that can be found in any flower bed, and there are varieties that in our area can only be grown in greenhouses or greenhouses, since tulip care is different. The choice of tulips is so huge that everyone will find a dozen or two varieties to their liking.

The fifth class, according to modern canons of classification, opens the largest group of tulips - the third. It includes as many as 7 classes of tulips, divided by external characteristics and features, as well as a huge number of different varieties. Simple late tulips are the most popular section for flower growers living in temperate climates. Such flowers can be found in almost every yard with the onset of spring.

A bit of history.

Simple late tulips have united under one name and entered the fifth grade relatively recently. The classification was officially revised in 1981. Scientists carefully checked and sorted varieties, some were abolished, and some were combined into new groups. Thus, previously abolished varieties from Darwin tulips were included in the group of simple late tulips. In addition, the class was replenished with Cotege and Breeder tulips, except for some varieties that moved to other classes.

To date, these varieties are not very popular, and in the Netherlands they occupy no more than 4% of the total plantings. The most common are hybrid and natural varieties of increased decorativeness, which are resistant to cold.

Simple late tulips are a general description.

The fifth class of tulips is formed by combining varieties with common characteristics, but all of them can differ significantly from each other in colors and other parameters. In the English classification today, multi-flowered varieties, French and famous Sperhes hybrids are also distinguished in this section.

A distinctive characteristic of tulips from the fifth grade is that they are all tall, with powerful, dense peduncles-stems. Most varieties bloom singly, but there are varieties in which 3-5 buds are formed on one peduncle.

Among the representatives of the class there are also such varieties that differ in an interesting feature that makes them more decorative. We are talking about variegation, which is provoked not by a viral disease, but by a genetic feature. Flower growers should not worry about diseases - almost all representatives of this class have genetic stability, endurance, as well as the ability to adapt to the climatic conditions of the region in which they are grown.

Flowering times.

Varieties of the fifth class are characterized by late flowering, unlike other varieties. They are practically not used for winter forcing for this very reason, since their growing cycle is longer and development occurs at a slightly slower pace. But, this is more of an advantage than a disadvantage. Such tulips grow well in those regions where warm weather sets in later, and also tolerate frosty winters better without shelter.

Popular varieties.

According to external characteristics, it is not always easy to determine whether tulips belong to the fifth class, however, their main features are considered to be late flowering, as well as the absence of terry and fringed border. What varieties are popular from this class?

Tulip variety Avignon.

The Avignon tulip variety (see photo) is a leader among flower growing preferences, especially among beginners and amateurs, as it is very simple and unpretentious to grow, and also ideal for cutting. Avignon grows to about 65-75 cm, it has powerful and dense stems surrounded by leaves that are arranged in a regular order. The Avignon variety has large, up to 12 cm in height, goblet-shaped flowers that open around mid-May.

Petals are elongated, oval. In the petals, the main shade is red, but in the center of each there is a light vein, and along the edges of the hatching-border of a yellow, fiery shade. This tulip has very large basal leaves. They have a peaked shape, and pronounced arcuate veins.

Tulip variety Dreamland (Dreamland).

The Dreamland tulip variety (see photo) is an achievement of Dutch breeders, which they can rightfully be proud of. These are very delicate flowers, cultivated for cutting and landscaping in large volumes. Dreamland with its unusual color is very different from many other representatives of the class.

Its large, elongated flowers are painted in a white-pinkish hue. The bottom of the petal is white. Approximately in the center there is a soft transition to a crimson-pinkish hue, which fills the upper part of the petal. This variety is one of the few that is more suitable for winter forcing, but even it needs special conditions.

Tulip variety Red Georgette.

Tulip variety Red Georgette (see photo) is unique in its kind, it is very different from traditional single-flowering varieties. This Dutch variety has existed relatively recently, and it has become a leader among lovers of multi-flowered varieties, since due to its decorativeness and unpretentiousness it can be used for landscaping any area. The traditional, red color of the petals, rich shade and resistance to viruses have become its main advantage.

In height, the plant is able to stretch to a maximum of 60-65 cm, leafy stems - peak-shaped petals are opposite, and there is also a basal rosette. At the top of the stem, several peduncles are formed, the maximum number of buds is 7-8 pieces. They begin to bloom in the first half of May, maximum by the middle of this month. Before flowering, the tulip needs mineral fertilizer.

Tulip variety Queen of Night (Queen of Night).

Tulip Queen of Night (see photo), whose name in translation means "Queen of the Night", received such a mysterious, fantastic name due to its color, which Dutch breeders were able to reproduce. With a similar shade of petals, there are not so many varieties, so it is considered rare and very decorative. Queen of Knight is able to adapt to a hot climate, and at the same time grows no worse in regions where frosts rage in winter.

This variety has other features that distinguish it from the rest - it blooms longer than others, is more resistant to sunlight and does not lose its decorative effect, even in the heat. Tulip blooms in the second half of May. The height of the flower is not less than 50 cm, and the goblet-shaped cups of flowers are not more than 12 cm. The petals are painted in a thick, dark purple hue, because of which this variety is popularly called the “black tulip”. The only drawback is that not all colors are equally well combined in a flower garden.

Tulip cultivar Maureen.

Tulip variety Maurin (see photo) is the personification of spring, purity and tenderness. This is a tall flower with regular chiseled lines, ideally monochromatic color. Maureen has a non-leafy, smooth and vigorous stem, making it suitable for cutting. The basal leaves are narrow, peak-shaped and very long - up to 45-50 cm. The height of the plant itself is up to 70 cm.

Goblet inflorescences differ in shape - they are wider than other varieties, and with clearer lines. Petals of the most delicate, white shade without inclusions and strokes. The maximum duration of the flowering phase for this variety is 10-14 days. It is grown in partial shade or in the shade, as the tulip is too sensitive to light and immediately opens in the sun.

Tulip variety Orange Bouquet (Orange Bouquet).

Tulip variety Orange Bouquet (see photo) is another multi-flowered masterpiece created by the efforts of breeders from Holland. In addition to being multi-flowered, it also has a feature characteristic of the fifth class of tulips - variegation. Stems Orange Bouquet are cylindrical, powerful, about 60 cm high.

The total number of buds on the peduncle is up to 7 pieces. All of them bloom alternately, from about mid to late May. Flowers, tapering towards the top, up to 10 cm in height, goblet. The petals are reddish-orange. Variety Orange Bouquet tolerates winter well and has a high reproduction rate.

Tulip variety Primavera.

The Primavera variety (see photo) does not have any supernatural features, but in its simplicity and modesty it is no less beautiful. The flowers are goblet-shaped, not too high, not more than 10 cm. At the base, the diameter of the flower is always slightly wider, but slightly, as can be observed in many other varieties.

The height of the whole plant, in general, is up to 60 cm. The leaves are basal, wide and long, almost in growth with the stem. The petals are painted in a pinkish tint, and a clarified cream border is observed on the tops. The Primavera variety reproduces well, not only in a vegetative, traditional way, but also by seeds.

Tulip variety Shirley.

Shirley tulips (see photo) are unique, with exotic colors and good growth potential. These are plants of medium height with tall goblet flowers, unconventional colors. The ground part of the plant is up to 70 cm in height, with an impressive, powerful stem and a lush basal rosette of leaves.

Flowers with clearly defined lines, goblet-shaped, with a square bottom. The petals are a soft cream shade, with a beautiful raspberry shading along the edges, which can be more or less saturated. Shirley is a suitable variety for forcing, cutting and landscaping.