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A little story about a berry. Speech development
"children about garden berries" - as the meaning of the property
Unique designation: children about garden berries (story)
Designation: children about garden berries
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GRAPE
People have been growing grapes for several millennia. Back in the 5th millennium BC, it was known in Asia Minor, Syria and Palestine. Then it began to be cultivated in the states of Mesopotamia, Assyria and Babylon, as well as Egypt.
In the wild, grape stems twine around trees like vines. This property of grapes is still used today. Wild grape bushes are used to make decorative hedges.
Wild grapes have small, sour berries. To keep the grapes large and sweet, winegrowers trim off excess branches. Nutrients are not wasted on new stems and leaves, but are supplied to ripening berries. Cultivated grapes were obtained as a result of numerous crossings of wild grapes growing in Central and Southern Europe, as well as in Asia Minor.
A special role was given to grapes in Ancient Greece. Already at that time, people learned to extract juice and wine from grapes.
Grapes spread throughout Europe further and further north. It came to Russia at the end of the 16th century. The first vineyard was founded at the monastery in Astrakhan. Peter I issued a decree on the cultivation of grapes in the villages of the Don Cossacks.
Grapes are eaten fresh, compotes and juices are prepared from them. The properties of the berries are also preserved in dried fruits. In ancient times, dried grapes (raisins) were taken with them on military campaigns.
Depending on the variety, grape berries can be round or elongated, as well as red, dark blue or white-green. In total, more than 5 thousand varieties of grapes are known in the world.
Even the temperature at which it grows affects the taste of grapes. If it is dry and warm, the berries turn out sweet and juicy, and if it is cold, the grapes become sour.
The best varieties grapes are grown on the slopes of hills and mountains. It is especially good to plant these berries on the eastern slopes, which are warmed by the sun's rays in the morning. The most famous vineyards are located in France, Italy, Spain and Crimea.
MYSTERY
On a string-stalk
A pile of sweet berries -
On a large platter.
(Grapes) FOLK SIGNS Frequent and cold rains - no bees, no grapes.
STRAWBERRY
I was walking in the forest, carrying strawberries
I looked for it, collected it.
I'll bring it to kindergarten -
I'll treat all the guys.
(A. Brodsky) 
Strawberry bushes grow in forests, forest ravines, thickets of bushes, and in river and stream valleys. The stems with bright red berries droop all the way to the ground - hence the name of the plant. Strawberries are an incredibly aromatic and tasty berry. Its scientific name is “fragaria”, which means “fragrant”.
Strawberries are often called strawberries. In fact, strawberries, although similar to wild strawberries, are a different type of plant. Strawberries have small berries, so they are not used for breeding.
To collect wild strawberries, you will have to work hard. The berries hid under green leaves. You need to bend down to the ground, lift the leaves - then you will notice the strawberries.
Garden strawberries were developed in the 18th century. The French officer A. Frezier brought five strawberry bushes from Chile to Europe. They were planted next to a Virginia strawberry bush from North America. This is how garden strawberries appeared. Currently, about two thousand of its varieties are known; more than a million tons of berries are harvested annually in the world.
People nicknamed strawberries the “queen of berries” for a reason. It contains many useful substances and vitamins. Medicinal decoctions of dried berries and strawberry leaves are drunk for sore throats and colds.
Peasants in Rus' associated July 9 with the Tikhvin Icon of the Mother of God. It was as if she had appeared after long wanderings in the strawberry fields, where the city of Tikhvin now stands. If you eat a glass of strawberries on this day, you will recharge yourself with energy for the whole year.
PUZZLES
Like on a stitch, on a path
I see scarlet earrings.
I found this earring.
I bent down for one,
And I came across ten!
(Strawberry) FOLK SIGNS
Strawberries are red - don’t waste oats in vain.
When they mow, they bring strawberries home.
RASPBERRIES
Full cart
Raspberry berry
I'll bring it home.
I'll make some jam,
There will be a treat
For friends in winter!
(T. Shorygina) 
In the temperate zone of Eurasia, in the European part of Russia, in Siberia and the Far East, common raspberries are found. Raspberry bushes reach a height of two meters.
Raspberry thickets can be seen in forest clearings and edges. Berries, like red lanterns, strewn the branches. The berries on the upper branches, closer to the sun, ripen earlier than others.
In the first year of life, raspberries have grassy shoots with thin thorns. There are no flowers or fruits yet. In the second year, the stems become woody and white flowers form on them, and then small green berries appear. They sing and turn red.
Raspberry fruits are collected from small drupes that are pressed tightly together. Each small drupe contains a hard seed. Forest animals and birds eat raspberries with pleasure. The bear especially loves her.
Raspberries contain sugars, vitamins, organic acids, pectin and tannins. Tea made from dried fruits is a diaphoretic and antipyretic. An infusion is brewed from the leaves - “raspberry tea”, which is used to gargle for sore throat and inflammation of the larynx. Raspberry jam is very useful for colds.
On August 17, Avdotya Day, peasants went into the forest to pick raspberries. On this day, guys do not choose brides - they are all as beautiful as a red raspberry. A guy in a raspberry patch will be lost in thought, and then a girl will appear to him; he will rush to hug her, and instead of the beautiful girl there will be a raspberry bush, or even a bear feasting on raspberries.
Peasants determined the date of sowing rye based on the degree of ripening of raspberries. Raspberries were collected for future use, dried, and prepared into jam and juices.
MYSTERY
Red beads hang, they look at us from the bushes,
These children, birds and bears love beads very much.
(Raspberry) PROVERBS AND SAYINGS
Avdotya Malinovka – forest raspberries are ripening.
If you didn’t put a raspberry in your mouth, you never saw life.
BLACKBERRY
The berry tastes good
But go ahead and rip it off
A bush with thorns, like a hedgehog -
So it's called blackberry. 
Blackberries are similar to raspberries - black with a bluish bloom, sweet and sour. But with raspberries, ripe fruits are easily torn from the receptacle, leaving the berry in your hands, hollow inside. A blackberry is not so easy to pick from a bush - the fruit is separated from the branch along with the receptacle.
Blackberries are common in Eurasia and North America. Grows in damp forests, forest ravines, in river and stream valleys. Blackberry bushes are taller than raspberries - up to 2 meters, and very prickly, hence the name of the plant. Blackberries often grow strongly, forming impenetrable thickets together with other shrubs.
Blackberries contain sugars and organic acids, carotene, vitamins B and C. The berries are used fresh and processed. An infusion of leaves is used for colds, intestinal disorders, and sore throat. Fragrant tea made from dried fruits and leaves is beneficial.
Garden blackberries are grown on private plots. Blackberry varieties have been developed that have no thorns on their stems. However, they do not tolerate temperature fluctuations well and do not take root well in cold climates.
Cultivated blackberries are grown mainly by amateur gardeners. The best varieties of blackberries - “Texas” and “Izobilnaya” - were bred by the famous Russian scientist I.V. Michurin.
There are 500 varieties of blackberries, more than raspberries. But breeders are unable to cross raspberries with blackberries. Scientists managed to obtain a hybrid of blackberries with another relative - dewberry, which is also called creeping blackberry. The dewberries have even more thorns than the blackberries, but the berries are very tasty.
MYSTERY
Dressed like a hedgehog,
And it crawls like a snake.
(Blackberry)
CHERRY
Early spring
This year
I planted it myself
My cherry.
Now take a look:
Overtaking me
Grew up over the summer
My cherry!
(G. Boyko) 
In ancient times, cherry was considered a magical tree with unlimited healing properties, and recommended rubbing sore spots on the trunk. The ash left after burning a cherry tree was also considered healing. In Europe, cherries began to be grown in the 1st century AD. Much later it was brought to Rus'. The first cherry orchards appeared in our country in the 15th century.
Cherries have dark red, sour fruits. They even came up with a color - cherry. There are sour varieties of cherries, and there are sweeter ones, for example, Vladimirskaya. The English Early variety is a hybrid of cherry and sweet cherry. Its berries are very sweet.
Cherry berries contain many useful substances, vitamins, and metal salts. Cherries are considered one of the most versatile berries, which can be perfectly mixed with all other fruits, and the result will be excellent.
Cherries that grow in cooler climates have 2-3 times more vitamin C in their fruit than cherries that ripen in the south. There is twice as much iron in cherries as in apples.
Experienced gardeners plant different varieties of cherries nearby. They pollinate each other, and the harvest is more abundant.
Cherry tolerates winter frosts well, and is also resistant to sudden climate changes, such as drought. The only thing this unpretentious tree does not like is damp, wet lowlands.
The symbol of Japan - sakura - is also a cherry, but of a different type. It is grown as an ornamental tree, but the fruits of sakura cannot be eaten.
MYSTERY
She was green, small,
Then I became scarlet,
I turned black in the sun,
And now I'm ripe. (Cherry.)
(S. Marshak)
PLUM
What kind of young lady is this?
He looks from the branch without blinking.
The blue sundress is amazing.
Did you guess it? This is a plum!
(E. Savelyeva) 
The origin of the plum is unknown. It does not occur in the wild in nature. Scientists have suggested that the plum is a natural hybrid of sloe and cherry plum. Today, about 30 species of plums are known, growing in the temperate zone of Eurasia and North America. The most common is the domestic plum - a tree 10–15 m high.
In spring, plum blossoms very beautifully. The tree is completely covered with small pale pink flowers. The fruits are juicy drupes of round, oval or ovoid shape. Depending on the variety, plums are yellow, green, red, purple or bluish-black.
In spring, flowers open on plum trees -
And with the morning dawn the inflorescences merge.
And in the summer the branches bear fruit -
They merge with the lilac twilight of the garden.
That's why they call it beautiful
This is a wonderful plum tree!
(T. Shorygina)
Plum loves light, tolerates frost well, grows on any soil and produces a good harvest. Gardeners know about two thousand varieties of plums, the most common of which are Renclod, Vengerka and Mirabel.
Plums are good for everyone to eat. The most popular are dried black plums of the varieties Hungarian domestic and Hungarian Italian - prunes. One of the advantages of prunes is their high calorie content; they contain 4–6 times more nutrients than fresh plums.
Scientists studying nutrition problems have calculated that each person needs to eat at least 7 kilograms of plums per year in order to give the body the norm of the substances contained in plums.
MYSTERY
Blue uniform
Yellow lining,
And it's sweet in the middle.
(Plum)
CURRANT
Currant berries
Black as agates.
Let's pick the currants
The harvest is rich.
There is an old recipe
How to cook compote,
To vitamins
We were there all year round.
(T. Shorygina) 
The fragrant currant berry gets its name from the word “currant”, which means “strong smell”. This plant came to our country by accident. It was brought to us by Spanish merchants. They were taking seedlings to their homeland, but were afraid that they would not survive on the road. So they left them along the way. The plant took root perfectly in its new location and gradually began to spread throughout the country.
Currants are also nicknamed monastery grapes. The monks were among the first to find out that this berry was healing and began to plant it in their gardens. Already in the 15th century, church chronicles mentioned “the miracle currant berry, endowed with extraordinary power and helping the sick to heal.”
Blackcurrant is richer than other berries in nutrients, vitamins and especially vitamin C. It also contains vitamins P and K.
A vitamin drink made from currants quenches thirst and gives strength. Currant berries are eaten raw, and they are also used to make jam, compote, jelly, pastille, marmalade, syrups, juices and mousses.
Red currants can withstand lower temperatures than black currants, are light-loving and drought-resistant. In nature, it is found on forest edges, near rivers, in bushes, and sometimes in the mountains.
There is also golden currant, the berries of which are yellowish-white. Golden currants can grow even on sandy or rocky soils.
MYSTERY
It can be different:
Black, white, red.
From it for the guys
Prepare mousse and marmalade.
(Currant)
GOOSEBERRY
Wonderful gooseberry
The gardener planted it in the garden -
Large, like grapes
Sweet, like refined sugar.
(T. Shorygina) 
Gooseberry is a prickly garden shrub whose branches are covered with thorns. The berries grow in various sizes, shapes, colors and tastes, with a large number of seeds. Gooseberries bloom in May, the fruits ripen in July - early August.
Gooseberries are called “northern grapes”; their fruits contain a large amount of useful substances.
In Rus', this berry was called “kryzha” or “bersen-kryzh”. Bersenevskaya embankment in Moscow received its name thanks to the palace garden, located nearby, where gooseberries-bersen were grown.
Gooseberries contain no less useful substances than other garden berries, and in terms of calorie content they are second only to grapes. Of the berry crops, gooseberries are the most productive. With good care, up to 30 kilograms of berries can be harvested from a gooseberry bush. In the UK, there are even annual competitions for the largest gooseberry. Gardeners have developed more than 100 varieties of gooseberries, the main ones being white-green, yellow-green, gold and red varieties.
Gooseberries and their juice are very useful in the treatment of various diseases. It is eaten for anemia or skin rashes. Doctors recommend drinking gooseberry juice for diseases of the liver, bladder and kidneys.
Unripe berries are used to make jams, preserves and compotes, and overripe ones are used for juices. Dried gooseberries almost do not lose their beneficial properties.
MYSTERY
It makes jam -
Like an emerald.
Northern grapes
The berries are calling.
(Gooseberry) PROVERBS AND SAYINGS
A good gardener is a large gooseberry.
Akulina has everything - gooseberries and raspberries.
About 15 species of chokeberry grow wild in North America. There it can be found in swamps, in lowland forests, and on the pebbles of sea coasts. This plant was brought to Russia at the beginning of the 19th century as an ornamental crop.
The most widespread in our country is chokeberry, known in our country as chokeberry. It was introduced into culture by the Russian biologist I.V. Michurin. He created a hybrid of chokeberry with mountain ash and recommended growing chokeberry in the northern regions.
Later, professor of the Leningrad Agricultural Institute N.G. actively contributed to the popularization of chokeberry as a new garden crop. Zhuchkov. He brought 20 thousand seedlings to the Leningrad region. Since that time, chokeberry began to spread widely in Russia.
Chokeberry is a perennial shrub 2–3 meters high. This is a moisture-loving and light-loving plant. Prefers light soils, propagates by seeds, root suckers, layering, and cuttings.
It blooms in May-June, white and pink flowers are collected in corymbose inflorescences. At the beginning of autumn, in September, black fruits with a bluish bloom ripen. They taste sweet and sour, a little tart.
Translated from Greek, “aronia” means “help”, “benefit”. The berries of this plant are useful for both adults and children, because they are a real storehouse of vitamins. They contain vitamins B and K, ascorbic acid. They are especially rich in vitamin P - twice as much as in black currants, and 20 times more than in apples.
The collected fruits do not spoil for a long time. Beneficial features berries are not lost during processing - cooking, drying or canning.
From one chokeberry bush you can collect up to 10 kilograms of berries.
Substances contained in chokeberry berries and juice stimulate appetite, so you can eat a few berries before lunch. Medicinal jams and compotes are prepared from chokeberries, juices and marshmallows are made.
Recently, chokeberry has also been planted as an ornamental tree. It is very beautiful in spring, when it blooms, and in late autumn, when the leaves turn purple.
SEA BUCKTHORN
Amber beads
They stuck around the tree.
In autumn, like the sun,
Sea buckthorn glows!
Prickly twigs
It's like they're saying:
- Don’t touch the berries
Don't take off your outfit!
(M. Druzhinina) 
Sea buckthorn is common in the southern regions of Russia; found in Transbaikalia, Sayan Mountains, and Tuva. In the wild, sea buckthorn forms dense impenetrable thickets - clumps.
This large branched shrub or tree with thorns on its branches reaches four meters in height. Young shoots have light-colored bark covered with fluffy hairs. Mature trees are dressed in dark brown, almost black bark.
Sea buckthorn is a frost-resistant plant, is not demanding on soil and grows quickly. Because of this, it is used to stabilize sandy soils and the banks of ravines.
At the same time as the leaves, small flowers bloom on the sea buckthorn in early May. In August or September, fragrant yellow-orange berries ripen, which seem to cling to the branch on all sides. That's why the tree was called sea buckthorn. The fruits can hang on the branches until next year without spoiling. Sea buckthorn berries are also called “northern pineapple” - their taste is somewhat reminiscent of this tropical fruit.
Oil is extracted from sea buckthorn seeds, which is used to heal wounds, ulcers, burns, frostbite, stomach ulcers, and treat the effects of radioactive damage to the skin. An infusion of dried sea buckthorn leaves helps improve sleep and increases resistance to various diseases.
The berries, leaves and young shoots of sea buckthorn contain many useful substances and vitamins A, E and C. The most vitamin C is in those berries that are bright yellow or orange.
OLIVE
The oldest cultivated plant is the olive tree, or olive. In Antiquity, it began to be grown in Mediterranean countries. The wild ancestor of the olive had thorns, but cultivated species do not.
The origin of the olive is spoken of in ancient Greek myth. The goddess of wisdom Athena stuck her spear into the rock, and it turned into a wonderful tree.
In ancient times, in Greece, a newborn child was given water from an olive tree leaf for the first time. According to tradition, this ritual symbolizes that a person will not experience thirst throughout his life, just as his olive tree, which practically does not require watering, does not know.
The olive tree grows very slowly. It has a wide twisted trunk with thick gnarled branches. Some olive trees growing in Italy and Greece are two thousand years old. The olive tree has amazing vitality: the tree grows back even if it is cut down almost to the root.
Olive flowers are small, white, collected in the form of brushes or bunches in the corners of the leaves. The fruit is an oblong or spherical drupe. Olive oil is obtained from the fruit of the olive tree. It was used in ancient Greece for cooking as medicine, they rubbed their body and hair with it. Olive oil, compared to other vegetable oils, has the most delicate taste and is more valuable.
The wood of the olive tree was used to make carpentry tools. In Ancient Greece, a branch of an olive tree was given to the winner of the Olympic Games as a symbol of victory.
The olive bears its first fruits at the age of 7. On average, 75 kilograms of berries are harvested from one tree. Ripe black olives are harvested in late autumn or early winter. Green and ripe fruits are used for pickling and canning.
More than 500 varieties of olives are known. The largest olive tree plantations are in Spain.
MULBERRY
Mulberry is a tree 16–25 meters high of the mulberry family, it is also called mulberry or mulberry tree. The tree is wider than it is tall. There are two types of mulberry: black and white, differing in the color of the fruit. Black mulberries have aromatic, sweet and sour fruits that are dark purple or almost black in color. The white one has white fruits with a pink tint and taste very sweet.
The caterpillars of the silkworm butterfly feed on mulberry leaves. Adult caterpillars curl into a cocoon, the shell of which consists of a continuous silk thread 1000–1500 meters long. Silkworm cocoons are used to produce silk fabric.
Mulberries once grew wild in Central Asia. Mulberries began to be cultivated in China, where the world-famous Chinese silk was produced about 2500 years ago. In Europe, mulberries have been planted to feed silkworms since the 16th century. In our country, the mulberry tree is grown on the Caucasian coast. There are 400 varieties of mulberry cultivated in the world. On Kuril Islands and satin mulberry is found in the wild on Sakhalin.
Mulberries contain a lot of sugar and iron. Black mulberry is much richer in minerals than white mulberry. In Ancient Greece, black mulberries were used to color wines.
Mulberry fruits are used to treat cardiovascular diseases.
In folk medicine, mulberry bark is used as a wound healing agent. An ointment is made from tree bark powder to lubricate wounds and scratches. A decoction of mulberry bark is used to treat cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
MYSTERY
Never - neither day nor night -
I don't want to live without anything to do
I am made of mulberry leaves
I'm twisting a golden thread.
(Silkworm)
9.Where there is water, there is a willow, and where there is a willow, there is water.
10. The pine feeds, the linden gives shoes.
13. More forest - more snow.
14. A lot of snow - a lot of bread, a lot of water - a lot of grass.
15. The forest is being cut down - the chips are flying.
Berries
There are many berries growing in the forest: blackberries, lingonberries, strawberries, blueberries, viburnum, cranberries, rose hips, raspberries, cloudberries, sea buckthorn. Jams, juices, jams, and compotes are prepared from the berries. The berries are food for birds and animals. The berries contain many vitamins and are used to make medicines, in perfumes, and also in folk medicine. For example, people drink viburnum decoction and raspberry tea for colds. The berries can also be eaten raw, but they must be washed first.
Plan for a story about berries
1. How it grows.
2.Berry shape.
5. Benefits from it.
An approximate story about a berry
Blueberries are berries that grow on small bushes. The subshrub has a creeping root; new stems with oval leaves, with denticles along the edges, rise from the rhizome. The blueberry flower looks like a pink bell; It seems like it’s about to ring. Its berries are round, black, with a bluish coating; For this reason it is called “raven berry”, it tastes sweet and sour. Blueberries are a medicinal plant, used in folk medicine as an astringent. In this, only bird cherry can compete with it. In the past, purple ink was made from blueberry juice. Its berries contain vitamins and mineral salts; jams, compotes, and jams are prepared from them.
Sample dictionary
Nouns: clearing, path, edge, subshrub, rhizome, bunches, cloudberries, lingonberries, blackberries, plaque, decoction, basket.
Verbs: tear, remove, collect, ripple, ripen, blush, fill (with juice).
Adjectives: creeping, shiny, gray, ripe - green, bitter - sweet, sour, astringent, oval, round, small - large.
The story “Wild berries” about the world around us (grades 1-4)
Noskova Natalya YurievnaPosition and place of work: primary school teacher MBOU – Verkh-Tulinskaya secondary school No. 14, Novosibirsk region
Description: I bring to your attention stories about wild berries. This material is intended for primary school teachers. Stories will help the teacher diversify both the lesson and extracurricular activities and expand children's knowledge about forest berries.
Purpose: material for replenishing the piggy bank of primary school teachers.
Target: familiarization with wild berries and their significance.
Tasks:- expand children’s knowledge about wild berries;
- develop memory and attention:
- cultivate curiosity and respect for nature.
Berries
Blueberry
What does it look like
Blueberry is a highly branched shrub, of medium height, with straight branches and brownish or dark gray bark.
Young branches are green. The leaves are small, obtuse at the top, less often pointed, with slightly curved edges and sparse purple glands, hard, bluish-green above, lighter below. The leaves fall off for the winter.
The flowers are drooping, arranged in groups of 2-3, rarely one at a time, on the tops of last year’s branches. The fruits are berries, spherical, pear-shaped or oblong. They are blue, with a bluish coating, inside there is greenish pulp, the berries taste sweet and sour.
Blueberries contain many light brown seeds.
Where and how they grow
Grows in swamps in damp coniferous and deciduous forests.
But the marsh blueberry is not the only representative of the genus on the globe. According to various authors, this genus contains from 150 to 200 species.
Twenty-six of them are native to North America. It blooms in June-July, the fruits ripen in August-September.
Benefits and Applications
Blueberries have long been valued in folk medicine. Fresh berries are used to prepare vitamin drinks and fruit drinks for patients with high fever.
Not only the berries, but also the leaves, young stems and bark of this plant are used for medicinal purposes. Berries are collected in late summer - early autumn, in dry weather. Care must be taken when picking, as the berries are easily crushed, so the fruits are collected by hand.
What does it look like
Lingonberry is an evergreen shrub 5-25 cm high with erect branched stems. The branches are round, annual, green, turning brown later. The leaves are evergreen, leathery, thick, oblong, on short pubescent petioles, with numerous, very small black glandular dots. These are tiny pits containing special cells, the purpose of which is to catch rainwater falling on the leaf. Thus, lingonberries are able to absorb water not only with their roots, but also with their leaves.
Lingonberries bloom in late spring - early summer, almost simultaneously with lily of the valley. First, a short shoot with buds appears at the top of the overwintered stem, and then the flowers bloom - small, graceful, snow-white, like porcelain, with a pinkish tint, with a faint pleasant smell. The flowers are slightly reminiscent of lily of the valley flowers in appearance, but their internal structure is completely different.
The fruit is a spherical berry, greenish-white at first, and bright red towards the end of ripening. The seeds are reddish-brown and crescent-shaped. The fruits are sweet and sour with an astringent tart flavor.
Where and how they grow
Lingonberry is a widespread plant. It grows throughout the forest zone, in the tundra, and reaches the shores of the Arctic Ocean. Lives up to 300 years. The best quality lingonberry, which grows in dry places in pine forests. Blooms in May – June. The fruits ripen in late August - early September.
Benefits and Applications
Harvesting lingonberry leaves begins immediately after the snow melts and stops before flowering begins. Harvesting continues in the fall, after the berries are harvested.
The leaves are collected by hand, tearing them off the stems with a hand movement from bottom to top. Blackened and browned leaves are thrown away. Preparations made from lingonberry leaves are used in the treatment of many diseases. Lingonberry leaves and fruits are used for vitamin deficiency in the body. Lingonberry juice quenches thirst well, so it is prescribed to patients with high fever.
The berries, due to the benzoic acid they contain, are stored for a long time; they can be soaked and pickled without adding sugar. “Lingonberry tea” is prepared from lingonberry leaves. Lingonberry jam and juice can be a good side dish for meat dishes.
Lingonberries can be grown in garden plots, for landscaping borders and paths.
What does it look like
Blueberry is a perennial, low (up to 4 cm) subshrub. The plant is highly branched, with silvery stems and greenish bark. Young branches are green, with sharp ribs. The leaves are light green, thin. The flowers are small, pink, located one at a time on short stalks in the axils of the leaves. The fruits are spherical berries 5-8 mm in size, the outside is blue-black, the juice of blueberries is red. Lots of small seeds.
Where and how does it grow
It grows in coniferous and mixed forests, in the tundra, on mountain slopes and near swamps. Blueberries especially love pine forests. In places where the forest has burned out, continuous blueberry thickets often form.
The leaves fall off in winter. The plant blooms in May-June. The fruits ripen in July-August.
Despite the fact that the areas where blueberries grow in Russia are quite large, they are rapidly shrinking. Therefore, measures are taken to protect plants, the correct collection of berries and leaves is organized (so that the pickers do not damage the stems and roots of plants during harvesting and certainly leave some of the full-fledged fruit-bearing plants for annual renewal).
Benefits and Applications
There is a belief that in a house where blueberries are eaten, the doctor has nothing to do. The berries are collected after waiting for them to be fully ripe, in dry weather, in the morning, when the dew has disappeared.
It is better to collect berries in a bucket or small baskets. The collected fruits are cleaned of needles, twigs and other impurities. Berries cannot be washed. They are dried or made into jam.
In addition to berries, blueberry leaves are sometimes used. They are collected by hand during flowering (May–June), carefully picking off the middle leaves.
Blueberries improve vision and memory. Berries are often used in confectionery and food production, for making cakes, pastries, jelly, marmalade, etc.
Blueberries are an excellent honey plant. In blueberry thickets, bees can collect up to 2.5 kg of honey per colony per day. Honey collected from blueberry flowers has a light reddish hue, a delicate aroma and a very pleasant taste.
Cranberry
What does it look like
Cranberry is an evergreen subshrub with creeping, thin stems. The stems are flexible, dark brown, with rising branches on which flowers appear and berries ripen. The leaves are leathery, shiny, dark green, bluish below with a waxy coating, in places with small glandular hairs. The leaves are oblong, sharp at the top, with curled edges.
The flowers are pink-red, drooping, arranged singly or most often collected in 2-4, less often in 6 buds on last year's branches.
Where and how does it grow
Cranberries form thickets in peat bogs. It also grows in damp forests, clearings, and near stumps.
It blooms in May-June, the fruits ripen in late August and September.
Benefits and Applications
In terms of the content of nutrients, cranberries are one of the healthiest berries. The fruits are widely used in the treatment of many diseases, as they enhance the effect of drugs. Syrup, juice, fruit drink quench thirst, help lower temperature, improve sleep, and reduce headaches. In addition, they relieve fatigue, give vigor, and improve general condition.
Cranberry juice cleanses wounds and burns and speeds up their healing.
The juice in combination with honey is drunk for coughs, sore throats, colds, and acute respiratory diseases. For treatment, ripe cranberries are used, from which sour drinks are prepared.
Cranberries are harvested in autumn in three periods. In September the berry is hard, but during storage it ripens and softens; it can be stored all winter, bay cold water. When frost occurs, the water is drained, the berries are frozen and stored in the cold in barrels, boxes, baskets. Snow cranberries, collected after the snow melts in early spring, are sweeter, but do not last long.
Berries collected in late autumn, when frost sets in, are more tasty, juicy, and sour. They are also stored frozen: when thawed, they quickly deteriorate.
It is necessary to treat the plant with care, pick the berries only with your hands.
What does it look like
Crow's eye is a perennial herbaceous plant. The stem is straight, smooth, 15-45 cm high. Four (less often 5-6) leaves are ovoid, pointed, bare, collected in the upper part of the stem, arranged crosswise. The flower is single, raised above the base of the leaves. Consists of 4-5 outer green leaves and 4-5 narrower and shorter, yellowish-green inner non-falling leaves. The flower develops into a fruit - a bluish-black shiny berry.
Where and how does it grow
Grows in shady deciduous, mixed and coniferous forests in moist soil, along shady ravines, in thickets of bushes, along the slopes of ravines and on the edges.
Blooms from May to June. The fruits ripen in July and August.
Benefits and Applications
In ancient times, it was believed that “bewitched” people could be “disenchanted” with the help of a raven’s eye. The berries were worn on the body or sewn into clothes to protect themselves from the plague and other infectious diseases, for which they were collected from August 15 to September 8. But in other cases, the raven eye was feared, so it was rarely used. In one ancient text you can read: “Some say that these berries can make you sleep if you eat them. I wouldn’t want to try them: you might not wake up.”
Both scientific and traditional medicine make little use of the raven's eye.
In folk medicine, a tincture of the plant is used in the form of drops for headaches, sore throats, and also as an appetite improver.
Fresh plant juice is used for eye diseases, headaches, loss of consciousness, and increased drowsiness. A decoction of dried berries was given to horses, healing and protecting them from foot-and-mouth disease.
The use of raven's eye requires special caution, as it causes poisoning in large doses.
What does it look like
Wolf's bast is a low shrub with gray-brown bark, consisting of 2-3 branches, if the plant grows in the forest. But in favorable conditions - in gardens or parks - it can become more extensive. The bark is moist, very durable; It was she who gave the name “bast”. This bark makes it very difficult to break a branch. Leaves grow mainly at the ends of branches. Bast blooms before the leaves bloom. The flowers are pink (occasionally white), with a strong pleasant scent. An interesting feature of the wolf's bast is the so-called “stem flowering,” when flowers appear directly on the stem of the plant. This phenomenon is more typical of tropical plants (probably the most famous example is cocoa). In Russian conditions, stem flowering is much less common (for example, in sea buckthorn).
When telling children about berries, first of all, they explain the difference between berries and fruits. Berries, as a rule, do not have a dense peel and have many seeds inside, while fruits have both a peel and a seed, and sometimes several seeds. In fact, even here there are exceptions. You will learn everything about berries, including interesting facts about berries and fruits, on this page. You will also see photos of beautiful berries and receive information about their use.
The fruit is the part of the plant that first protects the seeds and then allows them to go into the ground so they can germinate. Sometimes there is only one seed in a fruit, but more often there are many. The fruits are juicy, with many seeds, like berries or, but they are also dry, like.
This is an overgrown receptacle. The real fruits are tiny nuts scattered across its surface. Therefore, the correct name for the strawberry fruit is “multi-nut”.
The blueberry fruit is a berry with pulp and many seeds.
It has a thin skin, juicy pulp and a large seed - a stone, covered with a hard intracarp. This fruit is called a “drupe.”
Raspberries, which appear to be berries, are actually complex fruits made up of small drupes.
The juicy rowan fruits attract birds, which eat them with appetite. The seeds pass through digestive system birds and fall into the ground. Waxwings love to feast on berries, which are actually not berries at all, but apples. After all, the seeds in its fruit are also surrounded by a leathery shell, like those of the same apple.
Sticky burdock
Many seeds are dispersed by the wind. However, there are seeds with thorns, with which they cling to animal fur or human clothing and are thus transported over long distances. The most interesting thing about the agrimony berry is that it became the “prototype” of Velcro. One day, the Swiss engineer Georges Mistral, after a walk, cleaned his clothes and dog's fur from the thorns of burdock, or large burdock. And then he came up with the idea to create clasps and buns. Today such Velcro is the most common thing. And all thanks to the sticky burdock!
Watermelon has juicy pulp and many seeds. So this is a berry? But its peel is hard, like that of zucchini and pumpkin, which is why this fruit is called “pumpkin.” Even the cucumber is a pumpkin. However, scientists believe that pumpkin is just a type of berry! Well, another interesting berry, watermelon, is extremely tasty and perfectly relieves thirst.
Mandarin fruit
The tangerine, with its soft peel that is so easy to peel, is one of the ancestors of the orange. It also comes from China, but is not so demanding of heat. It can be a tree or a shrub. Nowadays, tangerine fruits are exported by Argentina, Morocco, Turkey, Japan, Brazil, Korea, and Egypt.
Ancestor of the pomelo orange
One of the ancestors of the orange, the pomelo, has very large fruits. There are pomeloes weighing 10 kg and up to 30 cm in diameter. In China, on New Year These fruits are given to each other as a symbol of well-being and prosperity. Pomelo is grown by placing it in large nets in advance.
The taste and aroma of an orange depends not only on the time of year and the area where it grew, but also on the place on the tree. But the color of the peel does not indicate the ripeness of the fruit.
Citron is the champion among citrus fruits
Citron is the champion among citrus fruits, its fruits reach a length of 40 cm. And its most amazing variety is the Buddha's Hand citron, or Buddha's Fingers. It is named after the founder of Buddhism. Citron fruits are not eaten fresh, like oranges or tangerines. They are used to make candied fruits, marmalade and jam, as well as essential oil.
Information about grapes and photos of berries
Grapes are one of the most ancient cultivated plants. The vine and bunches of delicious berries have more than once become a source of inspiration for poets. The ancient peoples even had gods of viticulture and winemaking, the most famous of whom was the Greek Dionysus. What are grapes as a plant? This is a tree-like vine that can reach a length of 10-20 m and occupy tens of square meters.
Grapes are grown all over the world, with yields second only to citrus fruits and bananas. This is a long-lasting plant. On plantations, with good care, vineyards can live 50-80 years. And in Austria there is an amazing vine, the shadow of whose branches covers an area of 120 m2. Her age is 200 years!
It cannot be said that modern winegrowers risk their health when caring for the vine. But in ancient times, grape pickers had to write a will before starting work. After all, the grapes, like a vine, climbed along the tree trunks and grew so that they dried out and remained only a support for the vine. Often branches broke under a person, he fell and was broken.
The basic information about grapes that is always mentioned when talking about this berry is that not only juice, but also wine is made from grapes, and they are also dried to obtain raisins.
This word just means “grapes” in Turkic. Since ancient times it has been widespread in the East and the Mediterranean, and is now known throughout the world. By the way, the famous seedless grape raisins (which in one of the eastern languages - Farsi - means “dried grapes”) was also bred for the sake of raisins.
One of the interesting facts about this berry is that the vine can rotate. It ends with antennae that cling to the support and rotate around it, making one revolution in 2 hours. The branch rotates at a speed of one revolution per 4 hours. So the tendrils twist around the support and hold on very tightly - a dried tendril can withstand a weight of 5 kg even after 10 years. With the help of tendrils, the vine rises to great heights.
Berry dessert- There is nothing healthier and tastier. Lots of fun and a luxurious bouquet of vitamins. Delicious joy for everyone, young and old.
We present interesting facts about berries.
1 Everyone's favorite berry, strawberry, is the only berry that stores its seeds on itself and not inside.
2 Do you know that tomato, eggplant and kiwi are berries? In any case, this is the conclusion drawn by botany researchers.
3 Did you know that blueberries and blackberries can treat diabetes? Eating these berries gradually leads to a decrease in blood sugar, which is what is required to recover from this disease.
4 If you constantly brew yourself tea from currant leaves, you can help your body remove stones and sand from the kidneys.
5 Gooseberries are a wonderful product for normalizing blood pressure.
However, there is another side to the coin. If you have stomach problems - high acidity, ulcers and gastritis, this berry should absolutely not be consumed.
6 Elderberries are not understood by everyone, and many are generally afraid to eat them. In Europe, this berry is a symbol of magic and witchcraft. Meanwhile, it’s worth trying and experimenting with black berries when cooking. Add them to sauce, compote, fruit drink, or as a pie filling. The elderberry will open up to you in a new way.
7 Do you know what magical properties a tomato has? It turns out that when potency decreases, you need to constantly use it in your diet and everything will work out.
8 And cherries help to improve “relationships with nerves.”
9 A berry like melon, sweet as honey, Japan offers to purchase it at a completely inadequate price. In this country there is the most expensive berry in the whole world - more than 23 thousand dollars per unit.
10 Schisandra treats berries the same way. The fruits of this shrub are the exact opposite of their name. The berries are bright red in color and only if you smell them you can smell the sour aroma of lemon.
11 Berries are very useful for humans.
By eating even just these fruits, you will remain healthy and well-fed, and your body will be stocked with all the necessary elements for a full existence.
And finally, a selection of interesting facts about berries. Did you know that bananas, which we all love so much, are actually not a fruit, but a berry? Surprised? .
You will find other interesting facts about berries on the Internet.
